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Monday, May 31, 2010

Technical Interview Questions in Oracle Apps

Technical Interview Questions in Oracle Apps

Please find a list of possible technical interview questions in Oracle Apps. All the contents on this website are Copyright
protected.
I will try to keep this upto date with any new questions that I come accross. New apps questions will be added to the top
of this post.
Most of the Oracle apps interview questions listed here are technical in natue. These interview questions span various
Oracle Apps modules plus FND & OA Framework. For Oracle HRMS and Payroll interview questions visit HRMS
Interview Questions
For Oracle iProcurement interview questions, kindly visit iProc Interview Questions .
Question: How will you migrate Oracle General Ledger Currencies and Sets of Books Definitions fromone environment
to another without reKeying? Will you use FNDLOAD?
Answer: FNDLOAD can not be used in the scenario. You can use migrator available in "Oracle iSetup" Responsibility
Question: This is a very tough one, almost impossible to answer, but yet I will ask. Which Form in Oracle Applications
has most number of Form Functions?
Answer: "Run Reports". And why not, the Form Function for this screen has a parameter to which we pass name of the
"Request Group", hence securing the list of Concurrent Programs that are visible in "Run Request" Form. Just so that
you know, there are over 600 form functions for "Run Reports"
Question: Which responsibility do you need to extract Self Service Personalizations?
Answer:Functional Administrator
Question: Can you list any one single limitation of Forms Personalization feature that was delivered with 11.5.10
Answer:You can not implement interactive messages, i.e. a message will give multiple options for Response. The best
you can get from Forms Personalization to do is popup up Message with OK option.
Question: You have just created two concurrent programs namely "XX PO Prog1" & "XX PO Prog2". Now you wish to
create a menu for Concurrent Request submission such that only these two Concurrent Programs are visible from that
Run Request menu. Please explain the steps to implement this?
Answer:
a) Define a request group, lets say with name "XX_PO_PROGS"
b) Add these two concurrent programs to the request group "XX_PO_PROGS"
c) Define a new Form Function that is attached to Form "Run Reports"
d) In the parameter field of Form Function screen, enter
REQUEST_GROUP_CODE="XX_PO_PROGS" REQUEST_GROUP_APPL_SHORT_NAME="XXPO"
TITLE="XXPO:XX_PO_PROGS"
e) Attach this form function to the desired menu.
Question: Does Oracle 10g support rule based optimization?
Answer: The official stance is that RBO is no longer supported by 10g.
Question: Does oracle support partitioning of tables in Oracle Apps?
Answer: Yes, Oracle does support partitioning of tables in Oracle Applications. There are several implementations that
partition on GL_BALANCES. However your client must buy licenses to if they desire to partition tables. To avoid the cost
of licensing you may suggest the clients may decide to permanently close their older GL Periods, such that historical
records can be archived.
Note: Before running the archival process the second time, you must clear down the archive table
GL_ARCHIVE_BALANCES (don’t forget to export archive data to a tape).
Question: What will be your partitioning strategy on GL_BALANCES? Your views please?
Answer: This really depends upon how many periods are regularly reported upon, how many periods are left open etc.
You can then decide to partition on period_name, or period ranges, or on the status of the GL Period.
Question: Does Oracle support running of gather stats on SYS schema in Oracle Apps?
Answer: If your Oracle Applications instance is on 10g, then you can decide to run stats for SYS schema. This can be
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done by exec dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('SYS');
Alternately using command dbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('SYS',cascade=>TRUE,degree=>20);
I will prefer the former with default values.
If you wish to delete the stats for SYS use exec dbms_stats.delete_schema_stats('SYS');
You can schedule a dbms_job for running stats for SYS schema.
Question: Can you use concurrent program "Gather Schema Statistics" to gather stats on sys schema in oracle apps?
Answer: No, "Gather Schema Statistics" has no parameters for SYS schema. Please use dbms_job.
Question: Which table is used to provide drill down from Oracle GL into sub-ledger?
Answer: GL_IMPORT_REFERENCES
Question: What is the significance of profile option “Node Trust Level” in Oracle Apps.
Answer: If this profile option is set to a value of external against a server, then it signifies that the specific mid-tier is
External i.e. it will be exposed to the www. In other words this server is not within the firewall of your client. The idea
behind this profile option is to flag such middle-tier so that special restrictions can be applied against its security, which
means a very restricted set of responsibilities will be available from such Middle-Tier.
Question: What is the significance of profile option “Responsibility Trust Level”.
Answer: In order to make a responsibility accessible from an external web tier, you must set profile option
“Responsibility Trust Level” at responsibility level to “External”. Only those responsibilities
that have this profile option against them will be accessible from External Middle tiers.
Question: What else can you suggest to restrict the access to screens from external web tiers?
Answer: You may use URL filtering within Apache.
Question: What is the role of Document Manager in Oracle Purchasing?
Answer: POXCON is an immediate concurrent program. It receives pipe signal from the application when a request is
made for approval/reservations/receipts.
Question: How to debug a document manager in Oracle Apps?
Answer: Document manger runs within the concurrent manager in Oracle Applications. When an application uses a
Document Manager, it sends a pipe signal which is picked up by the document manager.
There are two mechanisms by which to trace the document manager
1. Set the debugging on by using profile option
STEP 1. Set profile option "Concurrent:Debug Flags" to TCTM1
This profile should only generate debugs when set at Site level(I think, as I have only tried site), because Document
Manager runs in a different session.
STEP 2. Bounce the Document Managers
STEP 3. Retry the Workflow to generate debugs.
STEP 4. Reset profile option "Concurrent:Debug Flags" to blank
STEP 5. have a look at debug information in table fnd_concurrent_debug_info
2. Enable tracing for the document managers
This can be done by setting profile option “Initialization SQL Statement – Custom” against your
username before reproducing the issue. The value of this profile will be set so as to enable trace using event 10046,
level 12.
Question: You have written a Java Concurrent Program in Oracle Apps. You want to modify the CLASSPATH such that
new class CLASSPATH is effective just for this program.
Answer: In the options field of the concurrent program you can enter something similar to below.
-cp
:/home/xxvisiondev/XXDEVDB/comn/java/appsborg.zip:/home/xxvisiondev/XXDEVDB/comn/java
Question: How will you open a bc4j package in jdeveloper?
Answer: Oracle ships a file named server.xml with each bc4j package. You will need to ftp that file alongside other bc4j
objects(VO’s, EO’s, AM, Classes etc).
Opening the server.xml will load the complete package starting from AM(application module). This is a mandatory step
when building Extensions to framework.
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Question: In OA Framework Self-Service screen, you wish to disable a tab. How will you do it?
Answer: Generally speaking, the tabs on a OA Framework page are nothing but the SubMenus. By entering menu
exclusion against the responsibility, you can remove the tab from self service page.
Question: In self service, you wish to change the background color and the foreground text of the OA Framework
screens to meet your corporate standards. How will you do it?
Answer: You will need to do the below steps
a….Go to Mid Tier, and open $OA_HTML/cabo/styles/custom.xss
b…Enter below text( change colours as needed)


c… cd $OA_HTML/cabo/styles/cache
d…Take a backup of all the css files.
e…Delete all the files of following pattern oracle-desktop*.css
The idea here is to delete the cache. Next time when you logon to Oracle Apps Self Service, the Framework will rebuild
the css file if found missing for your browser.
Question: Can you extend and substitue a root AM ( Application Module) in OA Framework using JDeveloper.
Answer: You can extend the AM in jDeveloper, but it doesn’t work( at least it didn’t work in 11.5.9). I am
hopeful that Oracle will deliver a solution to this in the future.
Question: In a workflow notification, you have a free text response field where the user enters the Vendor Number for the
new vendor. You want to validate the value entered in the notification response field upon the submission of a response.
How will you do it?
Answer: You will need to attach a post notification function to the Workflow Notification.
The PL/SQL code will look similar to below:-
The below code will display an error in the notification when user attempts to create a Duplicate Vendor Number.
PROCEDURE validate_response_from_notif
(
itemtype IN VARCHAR2
,itemkey IN VARCHAR2
,actid IN NUMBER
,funcmode IN VARCHAR2
,RESULT IN OUT VARCHAR2
) IS
l_nid NUMBER;
l_activity_result_code VARCHAR2(200);
v_newly_entered_vendor_num VARCHAR2(50);
CURSOR c_get_response_for_new_vendor IS
SELECT wl.lookup_code
FROM wf_notification_attributes wna
,wf_notifications wn
,wf_message_attributes_vl wma
,wf_lookups wl
WHERE wna.notification_id = l_nid
AND wna.notification_id = wn.notification_id
AND wn.message_name = wma.message_name
AND wn.message_type = wma.message_type
AND wna.NAME = wma.NAME
AND wma.SUBTYPE = 'RESPOND'
AND wma.format = wl.lookup_type
AND wna.text_value = wl.lookup_code
AND wma.TYPE = 'LOOKUP'
AND decode(wma.NAME, 'RESULT', 'RESULT', 'NORESULT') = 'RESULT';
BEGIN
IF (funcmode IN ('RESPOND'))
THEN
l_nid := wf_engine.context_nid;
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OPEN c_get_response_for_new_vendor;
FETCH c_get_response_for_new_vendor
INTO l_activity_result_code;
CLOSE c_get_response_for_new_vendor;
v_newly_entered_vendor_num := wf_notification.getattrtext(l_nid,'NEWLY_ENTERED_VENDOR_NUM_4_PO');
IF l_activity_result_code = 'NEW_VENDOR'
AND does_vendor_exist(p_vendor => v_newly_entered_vendor_num)
THEN
RESULT := 'ERROR: VendorNumber you entered already exists';
RETURN;
END IF;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RESULT := SQLERRM;
END validate_response_from_notif;
Question: How to make concurrent program end with warning?
Answer: If the concurrent program is of type PL/SQL, you can assign a value of 1 to the “retcode” OUT
Parameter.
For a Java Concurrent program, use the code similar to below
ReqCompletion lRC;
//get handle on request completion object for reporting status
lRC = pCpContext.getReqCompletion();
lRC.setCompletion(ReqCompletion.WARNING, "WARNING");
Question: How do you link a Host type concurrent program to Concurrent Manager?
Answer: Assuming your executable script is LOADPO.prog, then use the commands below
cd $XXPO_TOP/bin
ln -s $FND_TOP/bin/fndcpesr $XXPO_TOP/bin/LOADPO
Question: How do you know if a specific Oracle patch has been applied in apps to your environment.
Answer: Use table ad_bugs, in which column bug_number is the patch number.
SELECT bug_number
,to_char(creation_date, 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') dated
FROM apps.ad_bugs
WHERE bug_number = TRIM('&bug_number') ;
Question: How do you send a particular Oracle Apps Workflow Activity/Function within a workflow process into
background mode.
Answer: If cost of the workflow activity is greater than 50, then the workflow activity will be processed in background
mode only, and it won’t be processed in online mode.
Question: What are the various ways to kick-off a workflow
Answer: You can eiter use wf_engine.start_process or you can attach a runnable process such ghat it subscribes to a
workflow event.
Question: When starting (kicking off) an oracle workflow process, how do you ensure that it happens in a background
mode?
--a)if initiating the process using start_process, do the below
wf_engine.threshold := -1;
wf_engine.createprocess(l_itemtype
,l_itemkey
,'');
wf_engine.startprocess(l_itemtype, l_itemkey)
--B) When initiating the workflow process through an event subscription, set the Execution Condition Phase to be equal
to or above 100 for it to be executed by background process.
Question: On 10g, how will you use awr?
Answer: By running below scripts. These are both the same scripts, but with differing parameters.
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$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/awrrpti.sql
Question : How will you configure Apache to run in Debug mode, specifically usefull when debugging iProcurement (
prior to 11.5.10).
Answer: After 11.5.10, FND Logging can be used for debugging Oracle iProcurement.
Prior to 11.5.10
----STEPS IN A NUTSHELL-----
cd $ORACLE_HOME/../iAS/Apache
vi $ORACLE_HOME/../iAS/Apache/Jserv/etc/ssp_init.txt
DebugOutput=/home/<>/ora9/iAS/Apache/Apache/logs/debug.log
DebugLevel=5
DebugSwitch=ON
vi $ORACLE_HOME/../iAS/Apache/Jserv/etc/jserv.conf
ApJServLogLevel debug
vi $ORACLE_HOME/../iAS/Apache/Jserv/etc/jserv.properties
log=true
Question: How will you add a new column to a List Of Values ( LOV ) in Oracle Applications Framework? Can this be
done without customization?
Answer: Yes, this can be done without customization, i.e. by using OA Framework Extension coupled with
Personalization. Implement the following Steps :-
a) Extend the VO ( View Object ), to implement the new SQL required to support the LOV.
b) Substitute the base VO, by using jpximport [ similar to as explained in Link ]
c) Personalize the LOV Region, by clicking on Add New Item. While adding the new Item, you will cross reference the
newly added column to VO.
Question: Can you do fnd_request.submit_request from SQL Plus in Oracle?
Answer: You will need to initialize the global variables first using fnd_global.initialize
DECLARE
v_session_id INTEGER := userenv('sessionid') ;
BEGIN
fnd_global.initialize
(
SESSION_ID => v_session_id
,USER_ID =>
,RESP_ID =>
,RESP_APPL_ID =>
,SECURITY_GROUP_ID => 0
,SITE_ID => NULL
,LOGIN_ID => 3115003--Any number here
,CONC_LOGIN_ID => NULL
,PROG_APPL_ID => NULL
,CONC_PROGRAM_ID => NULL
,CONC_REQUEST_ID => NULL
,CONC_PRIORITY_REQUEST => NULL
) ;
commit ;
END ;
/
Optionally you may use fnd_global.apps_initialize, which internally calls fnd_global.initialize
fnd_global.apps_initialize(user_id => :user_id,
resp_id => :resp_id,
resp_appl_id => :resp_appl_id,
security_group_id => :security_group_id,
server_id => :server_id);
By doing the above, your global variables upon which Concurrent Managers depend upon will be populated. This will be
equivalent to logging into Oracle Apps and submitting the concurrent request from a responsibility.
Question: You are told that the certain steps in the Oracle Apps Form/Screen are running slow, and you are asked to
tune it. How do you go about it.
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Answer: First thing to do is to enable trace. Preferably, enable the trace with Bind Variables. This can be done by
selecting menu Help/Diagnostics/Trace/”Trace With Binds and Wait”
Internally Oracle Forms issues a statement similar to below:-
alter session set events='10046 trace name context forever, level 12' ;
This will enable the trace with Bind Variable values being shown in the trace file.
The screen in Oracle Apps will also provide the name of the trace file which is located in directly identified by
select value from v$parameter where name like '%us%r%dump%'
Doing a tkprof with explain plan option, reviewing plans and stats in trace file can help identify the slow performing SQL.
Question: What is the difference between running Gather Stats and “Program –
Optimizer[RGOPTM]” in Oracle General Ledger?
Answer: “Gather Stats” will simply gather the stats against existing tables, indexes etc. However Gather
Stats does not create any new indexes. But “Program – Optimizer[RGOPTM]” can create indexes
on GL_CODE_COMBINATIONS, provided accounting segment has the indexed flag enabled,
Question: You have written a piece of code in POR_CUSTOM_PKG for Oracle iProcurement, but its not taking any
effect? What may be the reason?
Answer: Depending upon which procedure in POR_CUSTOM_PKG has been programmed, one or more of the below
profile options must be set to Yes
POR: Enable Req Header Customization
POR: Enable Requisition Line Customization
POR: Enable Req Distribution Customization
Question: What is the key benefit of punching out to suppliers catalogs rather than loading their catalogs locally in Oracle
iProcurement?
Answer: Punchout has several advantages like, Catalogs don’t need to be loaded locally saves space on your
system. You can get up-to-date list of catalogs by punching out and also you get the benefit of up-to-date pricing
information on vendor items.
Question: Does oracle have a test environment on exchange?
Answer: http://testexchange.oracle.com
Question: Does Oracle Grants use its own schema or does it uses Oracle Project Accounting schema?
Answer: Although Oracle Grants has its own schema i.e. GMS, it reuses many of the tables with in Oracle Projects
Schema like PA_PROJECTS_ALL, PA_EXPENDITURE_ITEMS_ALL, PA_EXPENDITURE_TYPES etc.
Question: How to make an Oracle Report Type concurrent program produce an excel friendly output?
Answer: Comma can be concatenated between the column values, however a better option is to create tab delimited file,
as it takes care of commas within the string.
For this, use SQL similar to below in the report
select 'a' || chr(9) || 'b' from dual;
Question: What are the settings needed for printing bitmap reports?
Answer: Get your DBA to configure two files i.e. uiprint.txt & default.ppd
For details, refer to Metalink Note 189708.1
Question: For a PL/SQL based concurrent program do you have to issue a commit at the end?
Answer: The concurrent program runs within its own new session. In APPS, the default database setting enforces a
commit at the end of each session. Hence no explicit COMMIT is required.
Question: What is the best way to add debugging to the code in apps?
Answer: Use fnd_log.string , i.e. FND Logging. Behind the scenes Oracles FND Logging uses autonomous transaction to
insert records in a table named fnd_log_messages.
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For example
DECLARE
BEGIN
fnd_log.STRING(log_level => fnd_log.level_statement
,module => 'xxxx ' || 'pkg/procedurename '
,message => 'your debug message here');
END ;
Three profile options effecting FND Logging are
FND: Debug Log Mode
FND: Debug Log Enabled
FND: Debug Log Module
Question: If you wish to trigger of an update or insert in bespoke table or take some action in response to a TCA record
being created or modified, how would you do it? Will you write a database triggers on TCA Tables?
Answer: There are various pre-defined Events that are invoked from the Oracle TCA API’s.
TCA was Oracle’s first initiative towards a fully API based approach, which means the screen and the processes
all use the same set of APIs for doing same task.
In order to take an action when these events occur, you can subscribe a custom PL/SQL procedure or a Custom
Workflow to these events. Some of the important TCA events are listed below:-
oracle.apps.ar.hz.ContactPoint.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAccount.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAccount.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAcctSite.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAcctSite.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAcctSiteUse.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.CustAcctSiteUse.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Location.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Location.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Organization.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Organization.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.PartySite.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.PartySite.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.PartySiteUse.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.PartySiteUse.update
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Person.create
oracle.apps.ar.hz.Person.update
Question: In Oracle OA Framework, is the MDS page/document definition stored in database or in the file system?
Answer: The MDS document details are loaded into database, in the following sets of tables.
JDR_ATTRIBUTES
JDR_ATTRIBUTES_TRANS
JDR_COMPONENTS
JDR_PATHS
The Document is loaded via XMLImporter, as detailed in XMLImporter Article
Question: In a Oracle Report data group, you have a “data link” between two queries. How do you ensure
that the data link is made Outer Joined?
Answer: The data link is an Outer Join by default.
Question: How does substitution work in OA Framework?
What are the benefits of using Substitution in OA Framework?
Answer: Based on the user that has logged into OA Framework, MDS defines the context of the logged in user. Based
upon this logged in context, all applicable personalization are applied by MDS. Given that substitutions are loaded as site
level personalizations, MDS applies the substituted BC4J objects along with the personalizations. The above listed steps
occur as soon as Root Application module has been loaded.
The benefit of using Substitution is to extend the OA Framework without customization of the underlying code. This is of
great help during Upgrades. Entity Objects and Validation Objects can be substituted. I think Root AM’s
can’t be substituted given that substitution kicks off after Root AM gets loaded.
Question: In OA Framework, once your application has been extended by substitutions, is it possible to revert back to
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remove those substitutions?
Answer: yes, by setting profile option “Disable Self-Service Personal%” to Yes, keeping in mind that all
your personalizations will get disabled by this profile option. This profile is also very useful when debugging your OA
Framework based application in the event of some error. By disabling the personalization via profile, you can isolate the
error, i.e. is being caused by your extension/substitution code or by Oracle’s standard functionality.
Question: How can you import invoices into Oracle Receivables?
Answer: You can either use AutoInvoice by populating tables RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL,
RA_INTERFACE_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL & RA_INTERFACE_SALESCREDITS_ALL.
Alternately you may decide to use API ar_invoice_api_pub.create_single_invoice for Receivables Invoice Import.
Question: How do you setup a context sensitive flexfield
Answer: Note: I will publish a white paper to sho step by step approach.
But for the purpose of your interview, a brief explanation is…a)Create a reference field, b) Use that reference field in
“Context Field” section of DFF Segment screen c) For each possible value of the context field, you will
need to create one record in section “Context Field Value” ( beneath the global data elements).
Question: Does Oracle iProcurement use same tables as Oracle Purchasing?
Answer: Yes, iProcurement uses the same set of requisition tables as are used by Core Purchasing.
Question: What is the name of the schema for tables in tca
Answer: AR (at least till 11.5.10, not sure about 11.5.10).
Question: Are suppliers a part of TCA?
Answer: Unfortunately not yet. However, Release 12 will be merging Suppliers into TCA.
Question: What is the link between order management and purchasing
Answer: Internal Requisitions get translated into Internal Sales Orders.
Question: How would you know if the purchase order XML has been transmitted to vendor, looking at the tables.
Answer: The XML delivery status can be found from a table named ecx_oxta_logmsg. Use the query below
SELECT edoc.document_number
,decode(eol.result_code, 1000, 'Success', 'Failure') AS status
,eol.result_text
FROM ecx_oxta_logmsg eol
,ecx_doclogs edoc
,ecx_outbound_logs eog
WHERE edoc.msgid = eol.sender_message_id
AND eog.out_msgid = edoc.msgid
ORDER BY edoc.document_number
Question: You have done forms personalization, now how will you move it from one environment to another?
Answer: Use FNDLOAD. For examples visit FNDLOAD Article
Question: What are the key benefits of forms personalization over custom.pll?
Answer:
-->Multiple users can develop forms personalization at any given point in time.
-->It is fairly easy to enable and disable forms personalizations.
-->A programmer is not required to do simple things such as hide/disable fields or buttons.
-->Provides more visibility on customizations to the screen.
Question: Tell me some limitations of forms personalization when compared to CUSTOM.pll?
Answer:
-->Can't create record group queries, hence can’t implement LOV Query changes.
-->Can't make things interactive, i.e. can’t have a message box that gives multiple choices for example Proceed
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or Stop etc.
Question: Give me one example where apps uses partitioning?
Answer: WF_LOCAL_ROLES
Question: Give me one example of securing attributes in iProcurement.
Answer: You can define Realm to bundle suppliers into a Category. Such realm can then be assigned to the User using
Define User Screen. Security Attribute ICX_POR_REALM_ID can be used. By doing so, the user will only be made
visible those Punchout suppliers that belong to the realm against their securing attributes.
Question: Can you send blob attachments via workflow notifications?
Answer: Yes, you can send BLOB Attachments.
For details on how to do this, refer to link for BLOG atachments to notifications
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions

Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions

Which is the most commonly used package in apps that uses Autonomous Transaction?
FND_LOG, this is used for debugging. This has a procedure named string, which does a
commit.
Hence your debug messages are not lost in the event of rollback during unhandled exception.
What is one of the limitations of Forms Personalization?
You can not display interactive messages as you can using fnd_message
How to use Flexfields in reports ?
Ans : Most common way is to use FND user exits provided by oracle applications.
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Other way is to directly use the DB views (TableName || ‘_KFV’ or ’_DFV’) created by apps,
and use the concatenated_segments column which holds the concatenated segments of the
key or descriptive flexfields.
What are Autonomous transactions ? Give a scenario where you have used Autonomous
transaction in your reports ?
Ans: An autonomous transaction is an independent transaction started by another transaction,
the main transaction. Autonomous transactions let you suspend the main transaction, do SQL
operations, commit or roll back those operations, then resume the main transaction.
Once started, an autonomous transaction is fully independent. It shares no locks, resources, or
commit-dependencies with the main transaction. So, you can log events, increment retry
counters, and so on, even if the main transaction rolls back.
More important, autonomous transactions help you build modular, reusable software
components. For example, stored procedures can start and finish autonomous transactions on
their own. A calling application need not know about a procedure's autonomous operations, and
the procedure need not know about the application's transaction context. That makes
autonomous transactions less error-prone than regular transactions and easier to use.
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Furthermore, autonomous transactions have all the functionality of regular transactions. They
allow parallel queries, distributed processing, and all the transaction control statements
including SET TRANSACTION.
Scenario : You can use autonomous transaction in your report for writing error messages in
your database tables.
What is record group ?
Ans: Record group are used with LOVs to hold sql query for your list of values. The record
group can contain static data as well it can access data from database tables thru sql queries.
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What is a FlexField ? What are Descriptive and Key Flexfields ?
Ans: An Oracle Applications field made up of segments. Each segment has an assigned name
and a set of valid values. Oracle Applications uses flexfields to capture information about your
organization.
What are different report triggers and what is their firing sequence ?
Ans. : There are five report trigger :
· Before Report
· After Report
· Before Parameter Form
· After Parameter Form
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· Between Pages
The Firing sequence for report triggers is
Before Parameter Form – After Parameter Form – Before Report – Between Pages – After
Report.
What is the use of cursors in PL/SQL ? What is REF Cursor ?
Ans. : The cursor are used to handle multiple row query in PL/SQL. Oracle uses implicit cursors
to handle all it’s queries. Oracle uses unnamed memory spaces to store data used in implicit
cursors, with REF cursors you can define a cursor variable which will point to that memory
space and can be used like pointers in our 3GLs.
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
How to attach reports in Oracle Applications ?
Ans: The steps are as follows :
· Design your report in D2K
· Generate the executable file of the report as .rdf.
· Move the executable as well as source file to the appropriate product’s folder.
· Register the report as concurrent executable.
· Define the concurrent program for the executable registered.
· Add the concurrent program to the request group of the responsibility.
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
Written by Anil Passi
Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
What is the use of triggers in Forms ?
Ans : Triggers are used in forms for event handling. You can write PL/SQL code in triggers to
respond to a particular event occurred in your forms like when user presses a button or when he
commits the form.
The different type of triggers available in forms are :
· Key-triggers
· Navigational-triggers
· Transaction-triggers
· Message-triggers
· Error-triggers
· Query based-triggers
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
What is the use of Temp tables in Interface programs ?
Ans : Temporary tables are used in Interface programs to hold the intermediate data. The data
is loaded into temporary tables first and then, after validating through the PL/SQL programs, the
data is loaded into the interface tables.
What are the steps to register concurrent programs in Apps ?
Ans : The steps to register concurrent programs in apps are as follows :
· Register the program as concurrent executable.
· Define the concurrent program for the executable registered.
· Add the concurrent program to the request group of the responsibility
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
How to pass parameters to a report ? do you have to register them with AOL ?
Ans: You can define parameters in the define concurrent program form. There is no need to
register the parameters with AOL. But you may have to register the value sets for those
parameters.
Do you have to register feeder programs of interface to AOL ?
Ans : Yes ! you have to register the feeder programs as concurrent programs to Apps.
What are forms customization steps ?
Ans: The steps are as follows :
· Copy the template.fmb and Appstand.fmb from AU_TOP/forms/us.Put it in custom
directory. The libraries (FNDSQF, APPCORE, APPDAYPK, GLOBE, CUSTOM, JE, JA, JL,
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VERT) are automatically attached .
· Create or open new Forms. Then customize.
· Save this Form in Corresponding Modules.
What is Key and Descriptive Flexfield.
Ans : Key Flexfield: #unique identifier, storing key information
# Used for entering and displaying key information.
For example Oracle General uses a key Flexfield called Accounting
Flexfield to uniquely identifies a general account.
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
Descriptive Flexfield: # To Capture additional information.
# to provide expansion space on your form
With the help of [] . [] Represents descriptive
Flexfield.
Difference between Key and Descriptive Flexfield?
Ans :
Key Flexfield
Descriptive Flefield
1. Unique Identifier
1.To capture extra information
2. Key Flexfield are stored in segment
2.Stored in attributes
3.For key flexfield there are flexfield Qualifier and segment Qualifier
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3. Context-sensitive flexfield is a feature
of DFF. (descriptive flexfield)
What are the steps in Customer Interface ?
Ans:
How to handle errors in Customer interface ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
What was your role in Customer Interface?
Ans:
What is the use of CUSTOM Library in Oracle Apps?
Ans:
Can you call APPCORE library in CUSTOM library ?
Ans : you cannot attach the APPCORE library to CUSTOM because it would cause a recursion
problem
(because CUSTOM is attached to APPCORE). As of Oracle Applications Release 11i,
you may
attach the APPCORE2 library to CUSTOM. The APPCORE2 library duplicates most
APPCORE
routines with the following packages:
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· APP_ITEM_PROPERTY2
· APP_DATE2
· APP_SPECIAL2
These packages contain the same routines as the corresponding
APPCORE packages. Follow the documentation for the corresponding
APPCORE routines, but add a 2 to the package names.
Can you use REF cursors in CUSTOM library?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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What is FlexField?
Ans: Oracle Application uses Flexfield to capture information about
Your organization. Flexfield have flexible structure for storing key information.
Like Company, Cost Center, and Account. They also give u highly adaptable
Structure for storing customized information in oracle Applications.
How many Flexfields are there in AR and what are they ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
What are User Exits and what are different types of User Exits in Oracle Apps ?
Ans:
What is MRC and what are it’s use?
Ans: The Multi Reporting Currency Feature allows you to report and maintain records at the
transaction level in more than one functional currency. You can do by defining one or more set
of books in addition to primary set of books.
How many reporting currencies can be attached to Primary Set Of Books ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
What are the new features in Release 11I ?
Ans:
What are ad-hoc reports ?
Ans: Ad-hoc Report is made to meet one-time reporting needs. Concerned with or formed for a
particular purpose. For example, ad hoc tax codes or an ad hoc database query
What is FSG and what is it’s use ?
Ans: FSG is a powerful and flexible tool you can use to build your own custom reports without
programming. FSG is only available with GL.
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What are different types of transactions in AR ?
Ans:
What are value sets ?
Ans:
What do you mean by HZ_ in customer tables ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
How can you handle multiple rows without using loops in PL/SQL ?
Ans:
What are the different types of files used in SQL Loader ?
Ans:
What are Interface table in AP, AR,GL ?
Ans: AP INTERFACE TABLE: 1). AP_INTERFACE_CONTROLS.
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2). AP_INTERFACE_REJECTIONS
3). AP_INVOICE_INTERFACE
4). AP_INVOICE_LINES_INTERFACE.
AR INTERFACE TABLE:
1). AR_PAYMENTS_INTERFACE_ALL
2). AR_TAX_INTERFACE
3). HZ_PARTY_INTERFACE
4). HZ_PARTY_INTERFACE_ERRORS
5). RA_CUSTOMERS_INTERFACE_ALL
6). RA_INTERFACE_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
7). RA_INTERFACE_ERRORS_ALL
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8). RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL
9). RA_INTERFACE_SALESCREDITS_ALL
GLINTERFACE TABLE:
1). GL_BUDGET_INTERFACE
2). GL_DAILY_RATES_INTERFACE
3). GL_IEA_INTERFACE
4). GL_interface
5). GL_INTERFACE_CONTROL
6). GL_INTERFACE_HISTORY
What are different period types ?
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
Ans:
What are different types of Journal entries ?
Ans:
What are the setup steps for testing ?
Ans:
What are User Exits ?
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
Ans:
What is an Invoice ? How many types of invoices are there in AP and AR ?
Ans:
What is recurring invoices ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Technical Interview Questions
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
If the valueset if of type –TABLE then how many tables can we attach in the valueset ?
Ans:
Can you add a descriptive FlexField to a table which already have data in it ?
Ans:
If any conflict occurs in FSG the who will override Column Set or Row Set ?
Ans:
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
How to take care of null values in SQL Loader ?
Ans:
What is Set of Books ? What are the four conditions when you change your SOBs?
Ans:
What is Multiple Organization technical architecture?
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Sunday, 22 June 2008 15:17
Ans:
What can we find TEMPLATE.FMB file ?
Ans:
What are the libraries attached to TEMPLATE form ?
Ans:
What is the difference between cross-validation rules and security-rules?
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Ans:
In how many ways can you enter a journal in GL?
Ans:
What are the setup steps for AP, AR, GL?
Ans:
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How to register tables and columns in AOL?
Ans:
What is the difference between discounts and adjustments?
Ans:
What are different types of invoices and what is a recurring invoice?
Ans:
What are cycles of GL, AP, and AR?
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Ans:
What are Summary Accounts and Rollup groups ?
Ans:
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Oracle Apps Interview Questions

Oracle Apps Interview Questions
Written by Sudhakar Mani
Monday, 13 April 2009 09:03
List of Oracle Apps Interview questions. Try your hand in answering these questions through
comments section. Best answer with your name will be updated in the content section
periodically.
{tab=Basic Questions}
{slide=1)What is a responsibility?}
Responsibility is a collection of different modules that the user is to access .
{/slide}
{slide=2)How many responsibilities can be defined for a Module?}
unlimited
{/slide}
{slide=3)Can a responsibility be assigned to multiple users?}
yes
{/slide}
{slide=4)What are the components of a responsibility?}
Menu
Data Group
Request Group
{/slide}
{slide=5)What is a data group?}
It is an integration of one or more modules for
Cross application reference,
Cross application transferring,
Cross application report.
{/slide}
{slide=6)What are the component servers in Oracle Applications architecture?}
A: NETWORK TIER
Browser,
APPLICATION SERVER
Apache server,
Internet application server,
Form server,
Report server,
Concurrent manager server
DATABASE TIER
.dbf file
{/slide}
{slide=7) Is it mandatory to have a reports server?}
yes ,it is necessary to run the reports
{/slide}
{slide=8)Can modules of two data groups be merged?}
No.
{/slide}
{slide=9)What is the name of the seeded datagroup that is provided by applications?}
A: Standard
Multiple Reporting Currencies
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{/slide}
{slide=10)What is a security group?}
Security Group ,groups the forms and functionality of an application into logical
menu structures that will appear in the Navigator
{/slide}
{slide=11)Which table captures the datagroup definition?}
FND_DATAGROUPS
{/slide}
{slide=12)Which software component converts .fmx file into a java class file?}
A:
{/slide}
{slide=13)What is Flint60.exe ?}
We use the Oracle Applications upgrade utility, flint60, on the Oracle Forms 6i .fmb file
to apply changes that help your form to obey the rule of Release 11i standards.
The changes flint60 makes to your form (in upgrade mode) are listed in
a detailed .html log file. These changes may include:
• Converting most boilerplate to associated prompts for items or
frames
• Converting lines and boxes to frames
• Setting certain property classes or individual properties for
objects as appropriate (for example, lists of values have the
property class set to LOV if it is not already set)
• Adjusting y-coordinate alignments of fields if they are slightly
offset from character-cell boundaries (for example, old
display-only text items did not use bevels and were previously
offset to make them line up with fields that had bevels, but now
the display-only text items also use bevels)
• Replacing access key property settings with ampersands in labels
(for example, a label of ”Charge” with a separate access key
property setting of ”h” becomes ”C&harge” and the access key
setting is removed)
The flint60 utility also checks for certain other conditions including:
• database items whose maximum length does not match the
length of the corresponding database column
• library attachments with a hardcoded path or .pll extension
{/slide}
{slide=14)What are the mandatory steps in Application Development process?}
Create the application directory structure in prodappl directory
Register the application using AOL(Application Object Library)
Create a database user for new module
Grant Roles
Register Database user with AOL(Application Object Library)
Create tables,views,sequence,program unit etc
Create its public synonyms in apps schema
Register all the database object with AOL(Application Object Library)
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Create form using form builder
Compile the form and copy the .fmx file into module specific product directory
Register all the forms with AOL module
Create form function and assign form to form function
Define a new menu for the module
Assign form function to menu
Define a Data group in System Administration module
Create a responsibility for a new module
Assign Menu,Data Group to the Responsibility
Create a user
Assign Responsibility to the user
Modify prod.env in appl_top
Set APPLFULL
Set Path
Run prod.cmd in appl_top from Server
{/slide}
{slide=15)What is the difference between a public and a private synonym?}
Only user can access private synonym,
any user on the database can access public synonym
{/slide}
{slide=16)What are the database objects that are registered with Oracle Applications?}
Tables,Sequence and Views.
{/slide}
{slide=17) What happens if the registration information of a database object mismatches with
the object structure?}
A:
{/slide}
{slide=18)What are the types of functions in AOL?}
A: form function and non form function
{/slide}
{slide=19)What are different types of menus that can be defined In AOL?}
A: Global Menu
Standard Menu
{/slide}
{slide=20)how many types of users can be defined in System Administration?}
A: Employee
Customer
Supplier
{/slide}
{slide=21)What is the difference between a view and a materialised view?}
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A:
{/slide}
{slide=22)Can materialised views be registered with AOL?}
A:
{/slide}
{slide=23)Multiple functions can be defined on the Same form?}
A: yes.
{/slide}
{slide=24)What is the significance of basepath that is specified at the point of application }
development?
A: the base path in env file helps the oracle apps to search the form,reports or program at
an appropriate place.
{/slide}
{slide=25)What is the environment variable that has to be modified in application development }
process?
A: appl_top
Appl_full
{/slide}
{slide=26)Can you draw the directory structure of a specific product?}
A: prodappltauq11.5.0formsus
reportsus
log
out
{/slide}
{slide=27)What files are stored by the bin subdirectory of a module?}
A: .sh and .exe,.dll file
{/slide}
{slide=28)Can you register SQL * LOADER programs with AOL?}
A: yes, there is an option for sql* loader
{/slide}
{slide=29)How PL/SQL programs are registered with AOL?}
A: 1. create a PL/SQL programs in apps user
2. define the executables in navigation : concurrent>executables
3. assign the executable to the concurrent program in navigation :
concurrent>program>define
4. assign the concurrent program to the request group in navigation:
security>responsibility>request
{/slide}
{slide=30)What are the two mandatory parameters that should be incorporated while writing
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Pl/sql }
programs?
A: errorbuf and retcode.
{/slide}
{slide=31)Can you register out parameters also for a plsql concurrent program?}
A: In pl/sql concurrent program we should define only IN parameter
{/slide}
{slide=32)What is program incompatibility rules?}
A: program incompatibility rules is enforced by comparing program definitions for
Requested programs with those programs already running in an Oracle username
designated as a logical database.
{/slide}
{slide=33) What is a concurrent manager?}
A: concurrent manager A process manager on the Applications database server that
coordinates the concurrent processes generated by users’ concurrent requests.
{/slide}
{slide=34) Can a concurrent manager execute multiple requests at a time?}
A: yes.
{/slide}
{slide=35)What is a request group?}
A: It is a collection of concurrent program ,reports, sets,application, stages.
{/slide}
{slide=36)What is a request set?}
A: Request sets allow you to submit several requests together using multiple execution
paths. A request set is a collection of reports and/or programs that are grouped
together. You can thus submit the reports and/or programs in a request set all at once
using a single transaction.
{/slide}
{slide=37) What is the full form of SRS?}
A: Standard Request Submission
{/slide}
{slide=38) Which files are mandatory for a form development process?}
A: template.fmb
Appstand.fmb
{/slide}
{slide=39) What are the object groups that are used by Template.fmx?}
A: STANDARD_PC_AND_VA
STANDARD_TOOLBARS
STANDARD_CALENDER
STANDARD_FOLDER
QUERY_FIND
{/slide}
{slide=40) What is the name of standard menu used by oracle applications forms design?}
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A: fndmenu.mmx
{/slide}
{slide=41) What is the difference between a property class and visual attribute?}
A: Named visual attribute are the font , colors , and pattern attributes. Whereas property
Class can contain these properties along with the another properties like enable,visible,
wrap style.
We can change the appearance of object at runtime by changing the named
visual attribute programmatically. Whereas property class assignment cannot
be changed programmatically.
{/slide}
{slide=42) What is the purpose of fnd_function.Test ?}
A: This function is used check the registry of the form function.
{/slide}
{slide=43) Can you list 4 important attached libraries for the template.fmb form?}
A: Appcore
Appdaypk
Fndsqf
Appfldr
Custom
Global
{/slide}
{slide=44) What is the significance of AU directory?}
A: Application Utility directory has all the .fmb files of the .fmx files used in Oracle
Application.
{/slide}
{slide=45) What is the name of the environment file that has to be updated in application }
development process?
A: Vis.env,prod.env
{/slide}
{slide=46) What is a token?}
A: For a parameter in an Oracle Reports program, the keyword or parameter appears here.
We substitute the values from oracle apps value set to the report.
{/slide}
{slide=47) Can you define token for pl/sql concurrent programs?}
A: Yes , in parameter form of the registration of the concurrent program.
{/slide}
{slide=48) What is a value set?}
Ans value set A group of values and related attributes you assign to an account segment
or to a descriptive flexfield segment. Values in each value set have the same
maximum length, validation type, alphanumeric option, and so on.
{/slide}
{slide=49) What are the different validation types of a value set?}
Ans There are 8 validation type of value set:
Independent
Dependant
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Table
None
Pair
Special
Translatable Independent
Translatable Dependant
{/slide}
{slide=50) Can a concurrent program be scheduled to run at specific times during a day?}
Ans> Yes.
{/slide}
{tab=Expert}
{slide=1.What are the main tables associated with Purchase Order?}
There are four main tables associated with Purchase Order.
1. PO_HEADERS_ALL
2. PO_LINES_ALL
3. PO_LINE_LOCATIONS_ALL
4. PO_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
1. It contains the Header information for the Purchasing documents. We require one row for
each document we create.
Six types of documents that use PO_HEADERS_ALL are
a. RFQ
b. Quotation
c. Standard PO
d. Planned PO
e. Blanket PO
f. Contracts
Important data that are populated in this table are
· Buyer Information
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· Supplier Information
· Brief Notes
· Terms and Conditions
· Status of the document
PO number is Segment1 of PO_HEADERS_ALL
Important columns: PO_HEADER_ID
1. It stores information about each PO lines. We need one row for each line we attach to a
document.
Each row includes
a. LINE NUMBER
b. ITEM NUMBER
c. UNIT
d. PRICE
e. U.O.M
f. QUANTITY
2. It contains the information about PO shipment schedules and Blanket Agreement Price
Breaks.
We need one row for each schedule or price break we attach to a document
Each row includes
· Destination Type
· Requestor Id
· Quantity Ordered and Delivered to Destination
Ø If the distribution corresponds to a Blanket PO release, PO_RELEASE_ID column identifies
this release
Ø We enter distribution information in distribution window accessible through PO window
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CLOSING
THE PURCHASE ORDER
The CLOSED_CODE column exists in the following three tables
1. PO_HEADERS_ALL
2. PO_LINES_ALL
3. PO_LINE_LOCATIONS_ALL
IMPORTANT COLUMNS OF PURCHASING TABLES
PO_HEADERS_ALL
PO_LINES_ALL
PO_LINE_LOCATIONS_ALL
PO_HEADER_ID
SEGMENT1
VENDOR_ID
VENDOR_SITE_ID
SHIP_TO_LOCATION_ID
CURRENCY_CODE
CLOSED CODE
1. OPEN
2. CLOSED
3. FINALLY CLOSED
4. HOLD
5. FREEZE
PO_LINE_ID
CATEGORY_ID
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ITEM_ID
PO_HEADER_ID
QUANTITY
CLOSED_CODE
1. OPEN
2. CLOSED
LINE_LOCATION_ID
SHIP_
TO_LOCATION_ID
PO_HEADER_ID
PO_LINE_ID
QUANTITY_RECEIVED
QUANTITY_ACCEPTED
QUANTITY_REJECTED
CLOSED_CODE
1. OPEN
2. CLOSED FOR INVOICE
3. CLOSED FOR RECEIVING
4. FINALLY CLOSED
{/slide}
{slide=2.What are the different Purchasing modes in Receiving?}
There are three modes
1. ONLINE
2. IMMEDIATE
3. BATCH
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1. ONLINE: Receipts are processed Online. If there are any errors, they are shown on the
FORM itself, and don’t let you IGNORE and PROCEED.
2. IMMEDIATE: Receipts are processed immediately, but no errors are shown. Errors are
recorded in REC_TRANSACTION_INTERFACE table.
3. BATCH: Receipts are processed in batch, but no errors are shown. Errors are recorded in
REC_TRANSACTION_INTERFACE table.
Note: In all the above two cases, it requires Receiving Transaction Processor to be run
periodically.
When you SAVE a Received Data in FORM, which tables are UPDATED?
Ø RCV_SHIPMENT_HEADERS: It contains SUPPLIER shipment header data like Shipment
Date, Supplier Name
Ø RCV_TRANSACTIONS_INTERFACE: It contains RECEIVED data like Item Name, Quantity,
and Receiving location
Ø RCV_SHIPMENT_LINES
Ø MTL_MATERIAL_TRANSACTIONS_TEMP
Ø PO_LINE_LOCATIONS_ALL
Ø PO_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
{/slide}
{slide=3.What are the major transactions in RECEIVING?}
Ø Purchase Order Receipts
Ø Internal Requisition Receipts
Ø Inventory Inter-Org Transfer Receipts
Ø Customer Return Receipts {/slide}
{slide=4.What are the different types of Receiving Routing?}
Ø Standard Receipt
Ø Inspection Required
Ø Direct Delivery
Note: The Receipt form is used as Receiving materials against PO on Ordered receipts, Internal
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Requisitions, Inventory Inter-Org Transport and Customer Reports.
RECEIVING OPEN INTERFACE
Ø ROI is a gateway to IMPORT data from Oracle as well as Non-Oracle applications.
Ø The Receipts done through ROI should be processed in Batch mode only.
Ø In ROI, the table which are updated are
1. RCV_HEADER_INTERFACE
2. RCV_TRANSACTION_INTERFACE
Note: Transactions in ROI
Receipts can be done by Direct Delivery or by two steps namely RECEIVED and DELIVER.
This can be determined through AUTO_TRANSACT_CODE_FLAG.
If the value is DELIVERED, the system does a direct delivery into Sub-Inventory and if the value
is RECEIVED, the system only receives the material and the delivery is done by the Receiving
Transaction Form.
IMPORTANT COLUMNS OF RECEIVING TABLES
RCV_HEADERS_INTERFACE
RCV_TRANSACTIONS_INTERFACE
RCV_SHIPMENT_HEADERS
Ø HEADER_INTERFACE_ID
Ø GROUP_ID
Ø RECEIPT_SOURCE_CODE
Ø PROCESSING_STATUS_CODE
Ø TRANSACTION_TYPE
Ø ASN_TYPE
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Ø INTERFACE_TRANSACTION_ID
Ø GROUP_ID
Ø PROCESSING_STATUS_CODE
Ø TRANSACTION_STATUS_CODE
Ø PROCESSING_MODE_CODE
Ø HEADER-INTERFACE_ID
Ø ASN_STATUS
Ø ASN_TYPE
Ø EDI_CONTROL_NUM
NON-SUPPORTED FEATURES OF ROI
Ø Transactions with LOT controls
Ø Transactions with SERIAL controls
Ø Internal Transfer & Sales order
Ø Un-Ordered Receipts
Through which you will be able to see ERROR reports in ROI?
Receiving Interface Errors Report
Data can be loaded into ROI either through flat files or direct SELECT statement. You can see
details of errors from PO_INTERFACE_ERRORS table by joining with
RCV_TRANSACTIONS_INTERFACE table using Interface_id.
{/slide}
{slide=5.What do you mean by PO requisition?}
 PO requisition is a request to purchase materials for individual requirements. Normally
Purchase requisitions are raised by employees or departments.
 Requisitions need approvals. It can be manually created or imported from other system like
Inventory, WIP, MRP, OM etc
TABLES USED WITH REQUISITIONS
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PO_REQUISITIONS_HEADERS_ALL
PO_REQUISITIONS_LINES_ALL
PO_REQ_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL
The description is the same as PO
OTHER IMPORTANT TABLES USED WITH REQUISITIONS
 PO_VENDORS
 PO_LOOKUP_CODES
 PO_VENDOR_SITES_ALL
 PO_AGENTS
 PO_DOCUMENT_TYPES_ALL_B
 PO_RESCHEDULE_INTERFACE
 MTL_SUPPLY
IMPORTANT FIELDS OF REQUISITION
 REQUISITION_TYPE
 PREPARE
 TOTAL_CURRENCY
 LINE_TYPE
 CATEGORY
 SOURCE DESTINATION TYPE AND ORGANIZATION
ACTIONS PERFORMED WITH REQUISITION
 SAVE
 APPROVE
If you SAVE requisition, the above three tables are populated, while if you APPROVE a
requisition, major tables updated are
 PO_REQUISITION_HEADER
 PO_APPROVAL_LIST_HEADERS
 PO_DOCUMENT_TYPES
CLOSING STATUS OF REQUISITION
 CANCEL
 FINALLY CLOSED
{/slide}
{slide=6.What do you mean by Auto Create?}
Auto Create is a standard functionality provided by Oracle to create PO directly from
Requisitions.
REQUISITIONS IMPORT PROGRAM (RIP)
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 It is a concurrent program, which is used to import requisition from Oracle or Non-Oracle
system.
 Data is first loaded in PO_REQUISITION_ALL table. The RIP can then be run, to import the
records from the interface table as requisition in Oracle Processing.
 RIP creates a requisition line and one or more requisition distribution for each row it finds in
the interface table. It then groups these lines on Requisitions according to parameters defined.
IMPORTANT TABLES
 PO_REQUISITION_INTERFACE_ALL
 PO_REQ_DIST_INTERFACE_ALL
 PO_INTERFACE_ERRORS
IMPORTANT PARAMETERS OF REQUISITION IMPORT PROCESS
a. Import Source
b. Import Batch Id
c. Group By
d. Initiate Approval after Import
REPORTS ASSOCIATED WITH REQUISITIONS IMPORT PROCESS
a. REQUISITION IMPORT RUN REPORT
We are able to view number of requisitions created and number of records in error from this
report.
b. REQUISITION IMPORT EXCEPTIONS REPORT
We can see all rows that fail validation from this report
{/slide}
{slide=7.What do we mean by Sourcing Rule?}
 It defines Inventory Replenishment method for either a Single Organization or for all
Organizations.
 Sourcing rule is used to specify preferred Suppliers, Distributors and manufacturers.
 Use allocation percentage and ranking for multiple sources.
INTERNAL REQUISITIONS
 It is used to obtain materials within the same Organization or different Organization but
within the same set of books.
INVENTORY
MOVE ORDER
 It is a request for Sub-Inventory Transferor account issue.
 When using an account transfer, the actual movement is an issue (not physical transfer)
from one Sub-Inventory to another Sub-Inventory.
{/slide}
{slide=8.What is the difference between Sub-Inventory transfer and Move Order?}
In Sub-Inventory transfer, the material is directly transferred but Move Orders require a
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REQUEST and an APPROVAL.
How many types of Move Orders are there? Describe.
There are 3 (three) types of Move Orders
1. Move Order Requisition
2. Replenishment Move Order
3. Pick Wave Move Order
1. Move Order Requisition: The requisition is a manually generated request for a move order.
We must create a move order requisition. You can generate request for Sub-Inventory transfer
or account transfers. The requisition can optionally go through an Oracle Workflow approval
process before it becomes a Move Order. If no approval process is used, the requisition
becomes a Move Order immediately.
2. Replenishment Move Order: These Move Order are generated by Kanban cards, where the
Pull sequence calls for a Sub-Inventory transfer or by Min-Max planned items, where the item
replacement source is another Sub-Inventory. In this case, the Min-Max or Replenishment
Count Report automatically generates a Move Order. Replenishment Move Order are
pre-approved and ready to be transacted.
3. The Pick release process generates Move Orders to bring the material from its Source
location in stores to a Staging location, which you define as a Sub-Inventory in Oracle Inventory.
This transaction is a Sub-Inventory Transfer.
{/slide}
{slide=9.What are the different steps in Movement Statistics?}
a. Define Movement Statistics Parameters
b. Enter Movement Statistics Information
c. Link Movement Statistics to Invoice
d. Report and Review Movement Statistics
e. Freeze Movement Statistics
OVERVIEW OF INVENTORY TRANSACTIONS
a. A transaction is an Item movement, INTO, WITHIN or OUT OF Inventory
b. A transaction changes the QUANTITY, LOCATION or COST of an Item
c. Oracle Inventory supports a number of pre-defined and User-defined transaction types
d. Every material movement has a corresponding set of accounting transactions that Oracle
Inventory automatically generates
e. A transaction type requires transaction source type and transaction action
{/slide}
{slide=10.What are different Inventory Transactions?}
a. Receive Item INTO an Organization from a GL account number
b. Issue Item FROM an Organization into a GL account number
c. Transfer Items between Sub-Inventories in the same Organization
d. Transfer Items directly between Organizations
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e. Reservation of Items
USE OF MISCELLANEOUS TRANSACTIONS
1. MISCELLANEOUS ISSUE
2. MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPT
3. MISCELLANEOUS SUB-INVENTORY TRANSFER
For all these transactions, no prior PO or REQUISITION is required.
{/slide}
{slide=11.What are different Planning Methods?}
1. Re-Order point Planning
2. Min-Max Planning
3. Sub-Inventory Replenishment Planning
4. Kanban Cards
{/slide}
{slide=12.When should you Order a material?}
We should Order a material, when On-Hand quantity plus Supply minus Demand is less than
Minimum Inventory level. The minimum Inventory level is nothing but a Safety Stock
[On-Hand quantity] + Supply - Demand < Minimum Inventory level RE-ORDER POINT PLANNING  It is a method of determining the size and timing of item replenishment orders.  It requires the following pieces of information a. Safety Stock b. Replenishment Lead Time c. Item Demand d. Order Cost e. Carrying Cost  We can perform Re-Order Point Planning for the Entire Organization. Also we can use Re-Order point planning for items under independent demand  We can specify Re-Order point planning as the Inventory Planning method where we define an Item {/slide} {slide=13.Under what scenario Re-Order Point planning is used?} We can use Re-Order point planning for items that do not need to be controlled very tightly and are not very expensive to carry in Inventory.{/slide} {slide=14.MIN-MAX PLANNING}  It is a method of determining, when or how much to order based on user defined Min and Max levels 17 / 27 Oracle Apps Interview Questions Written by Sudhakar Mani Monday, 13 April 2009 09:03  We can perform Min-Max planning either at Organization level or Sub-Inventory level  MIN-MAX report is run to execute this planning. {/slide} {slide=15.Cycle Counting} It is a periodic counting of individual items throughout the year. High value items are counted more frequently than the low value items Initialization is a process of identifying the items in cycle count. STEPS IN CYCLE COUNTING a. Define cycle count header b. Update cycle count items c. Schedule items to count d. Generate count request e. Enter cycle count f. Approve cycle counts{/slide} {slide=16.USE OF CYCLE COUNT IN ORACLE INVENTORY} a. To reconcile system On-Hand balances with actual counts in Inventory b. Maintain control over higher value items c. We can perform cycle count for the entire organization or for a specific Sub-inventory inside that Organization {/slide} {slide=17.ABC Analysis}  It is a method of determining relative value of items in an Inventory  ABC analysis involves ranking of items according to a criteria and then grouping them into classes  ABC refers to the ranking you assign to the items as a result of this analysis like items with ranking ‘A’ are more valuable than the ‘B’ items and so on.{/slide} {slide=18.PHYSICAL INVENTORY} Physical Inventory is a periodic reconciliation of system On-Hand balances with Physical counts in Inventory. You can perform Physical inventory whenever you choose to verify the accuracy of your system On-Hand quantities This can be done for the entire Organization or for a specific Sub-Inventory{/slide} {slide=19.PHYSICAL INVENTORY TAG} A tag is a tool for recording the On-Hand quantities of a specific item at a particular location. Usually a tag is a slip of paper posted on the items location. Oracle can automatically generate tag numbers that we can use to enter Physical inventory counts. STEPS IN PHYSICAL INVENTORY 18 / 27 Oracle Apps Interview Questions Written by Sudhakar Mani Monday, 13 April 2009 09:03 a. Define your Physical Inventory b. Take snap-shots of On-Hand quantities c. Generate Tags d. Count Items e. Enter Counts f. Void Tags g. Approve Counts h. Run Adjustment program i. Purge Physical inventory {/slide} {slide=20.ORACLE ORGANIZATION} Set of Books -> Legal Entities -> Operating Units ->Inventory Organizations
Set of Books
 It is composed of a chart of accounts, a calendar and functional currencies
 Legal Entities that share the chart of accounts, accounting calendar and functional currency
can be accounted for the same set of books
 One set of books can contain one or more legal entities
Legal Entities
 It is a company for which by law you must prepare fiscal or tax report including a balance
sheet and a Profit and Loss report
 Legal entities comprise of one or more Operating Units
Operating Units
 Operating unit represents buying or selling units within an Organization
Inventory Organization
 It is a unit that has Inventory Transaction and Balances and possibly Manufactures and
Distributes products
{/slide}
{slide=21.What are the basic things that you should consider when you plan your Enterprise
Structure?}
a. Set of Books
You can tie a Set of Books to each Inventory Organization
b. Costing Methods
You can choose standard or average costing methods only at Organization level
c. Item Costs
Inventory keeps one cost per item per Inventory Organization
d. Movement between Sites
In-transit inventory can be used for Inter Organization transfers
e. Planning methods
 Re-Order point planning can be performed only at Organization level
 Min-Max planning can be performed both at Organization and Sub-Inventory
 Replenishment counting can be performed only at Sub-Inventory level.
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f. Forecasting
Inventory forecast item use at Organization level only
g. Accuracy analysis
Physical Inventory, Cycle count and ABC classification can be performed both at Organization
and Sub-Inventory level
Unit of Measurement (UOM)
 It is a term that must be used along with a numeric value to specify the quantity of an item
UOM class
 This is a group of unit of measure with similar characteristics. For example Weight can be a
UOM class with UOM such as gram, pound, ounce, kilogram etc
UOM conversion
 It is a mathematical relationship between two different Units of Measure
Organization Calendar is also known as Working Day Calendar
{/slide}
{slide=22.ITEM STATUSES AND ATTRIBUTES}
Status attributes or Item attributes enable key functionality for each item
An item status is defined by selecting the value check boxes for the status attributes
Both Status attributes and item attributes can be controlled at the Item level and Organizational
level
ITEM STATUS ATTRIBUTES
 STOCKABLE: The functional area is Oracle Inventory. You can stock the item in Inventory
 TRANSACTABLE: You can transact the Item in Inventory, OM, Purchasing and WIP.
 PURCHASEABLE: You can place an Item on PO
 BUILD IN WIP: You can manufacture the Item
 CUSTOMER ORDERS ENABLED: You can sell these Items
 INTERNAL ORDERS ENABLED: You can create an Internal Sales Order for the Item
 BOM ALLOWED: You can create a Bill of Material for this Item
 INVOICE ENABLED: You can create an Invoice for this Item
Status Attribute can have MASTER LEVEL control or ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL control.
MASTER level control means an Item has Identical Attributes in all Organization that use it.
ORGANIZATIONAL level control means an attribute that you maintain at Organizational level
may have different values for an Item for different Organizations.
STEPS IN DEFINING ITEMS
1. Copy Template
2. Copy Items
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3. Enter Attribute Values
4. Enable in Child Organization
5. Update Organization level attributes
6. Define Item Cost
{/slide}
{slide=23.What are the different kinds of relationships that you can define for an Item?}
1. Item Cross-Reference
2. Substitute Items
3. Related Items
4. Manufacturer Part Number
5. Customer Item Numbers
Note: Items are always defined in the Master Organization and then enabled in as many child
organizations as you want.
{/slide}
{slide=24.DELETION CONSTRAINT}
These are specific business rules and custom checks to be done before Oracle Inventory allows
deletion to be done
CATEGORY & CATEGORY SETS
 Categories are logical grouping of items of similar characteristics
 A category set is a distinct category grouping scheme & consists of categories
Normally categories are used to group inventory items
You can also perform Min-Max or Re-Order point planning for a particular category of items
{/slide}
{slide=25.What are the different Inventory Controls available in Oracle?}
a. LOCATOR CONTROL
b. REVISION CONTROL
c. LOT CONTROL
d. SERIAL NUMBER CONTROL
MAIN TABLES USED FOR ITEMS
MTL_SYSTEM_ITEM_B
 Columns which end with ‘_ID’ is a number for Identification
 Columns which end with ‘_CODE’ contains meaningful information
In MSIB Inventory_Item_Id column contains Item_Id and Segment1 contains Item name
MTL_PARAMETERS is the Organization table (Org Name, Org Code, etc)
For UOM, MTL_UNIT_OF_MEASURE
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ORG_ID is the Operating unit id whereas ORGANIZATION_ID is the Inventory Organization Id
MTL_ITEM_CATEGORIES_B for Item Categories
MTL_CATEGORY_SETS is for category sets
IMPORTANT TABLES FOR PHYSICAL INVENTORY
 MTL_PHYSICAL INVENTORIES
 MTL_PHYSICAL_INVENTORY_TAGS
 MTL_PHYSICAL_ADJUSTMENTS
IMPORTANT TABLES FOR ITEM RESERVATION
 MTL_RESERVATIONS
 MTL_RESERVATIONS_INTERFACE
TABLE FOR MATERIAL TRANSACTION
 MTL_MATERIAL_TRANSACTIONS
TABLE FOR ITEM CROSS-REFERENCES
 MTL_CROSS_REFERENCES
TABLE FOR ITEM COST
 CST_ITEM_COST
 CST_ITEM_COST_DETAILS
 CST_ITEM_COST_INTERFACE
TABLE FOR ITEM INTERFACE
 MTL_SYSTEM_ITEMS_INTERFACE
 MTL_SYSTEM_ERRORS
{/slide}
{slide=26.INTERNAL SALES ORDER}
Internal Sales Order originates as requisitions in Oracle Purchasing. The process for Internal
Orders is as follows
 An Employee enters a Requisition for an Item
 The Requisition is sent for approval
 The Purchasing System issues an Internal Sales Order to OM
 Order management imports Internal Sales Order through Order Import Process
 OM creates a Pick release when the item is available in the warehouse
 If the requisitioner is at another location, OM handles packing and shipping to that site
 The Item is delivered
 OM handles the accounting for the release from the Inventory and Purchasing handles the
accounting for the issue to the requisitioner.
{/slide}
{slide=27.RETURN MATERIAL AUTHORIZATION}
The RMI flow basically reverses the Order Process. It includes getting the material back from
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the customer, putting it back into the stock and issuing the credit. There is also a corresponding
return to a customer transaction for getting the needed repair or replacement back to the
customer.
Oracle OM facilitates a link back to the original order through a reference source field on the
return form that ties to a sales order. Once the link is established all the relevant information
from the Original Order will be defaulted to the RMI. Returned receipts are handled by Inventory
Note: Returns are processed through Receiving forms.
Note: Setup and Testing have to ensure that RMI items are not taken as regular items.
{/slide}
{slide=28.What is Value set?}
A value set is a set of values, which restricts the valid values that can be entered. The value set
can be either numeric and alphanumeric.
It can be very sophisticated, incorporating SQL querying from several tables and able to
populate the database with one column.
{/slide}
{slide=29.What is a concurrent program?}
A concurrent program is an instance of an execution file along with parameter definations and
incompatibilities.
{/slide}
{slide=30.What is concurrent manager?}
Concurrent Managers are components of concurrent processing that monitor and run time
consuming, non iteractive tasks without tying up your terminal.
OR
These are controllers of background processing for Oracle Applications. The main function of
concurrent managers is to regulate and control process requests based upon a set of rules. It is
a technique used to execute non interactive, data dependent programs simultaneously in the
background.
Oracle Application comes with a predefined managers including
1. Internal Concurrent Manager ( ICM )
2. Standard Manager
3. Conflict Resolution Manager (CRM) and
4. Transaction Manager (TM)
Internal Concurrent Manager controls all the other concurrent managers that are operating
system process that poll for requests.
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We can also create concurrent managers to handle particular types of results or programs and
specialize them for our business requirement.
The manager that takes care of conflicts in concurrent Processing is Conflict Internal
Manager.{/slide}
{slide=31.What do you mean by document number?}
There are two types of documents.
MD 70: Functional Document
This is provided by the customer, and is provided by the Functional Personnel.
MD 50: Technical Document
This is done after the receipt of the MD 70 document. It contains all the technical know how as
to where the data should be inserted or should be retrieved from and the logic and also the no
and name of packages that will be used.
{/slide}
{slide=32.Types of Errors in Reports}
Some of the errors are defined below
1. There Exists uncompiled unit : When the report is not compiled before loading in the
Oracle Applications.
2. Report File not Found : When the rdf is not uploaded in proper directory
3. Width or margin is zero : When the repeating frame are not within proper frames
4. Not in proper group : When the repeating frame is not reffered to proper group
{/slide}
{slide=33.What is the difference between Compile and Incremental Compile?}
In compile all the PL/SQL within the reports are compiled but in incremental compile only the
changed PL/SQL units are compiled.
When compiling the report for the first time, we should do the full compilation and not the
Incremental compile.
{/slide}
{slide=34.API’s of Move Order}
 INV_MOVE_PUB.PROCESS_MOVE_ORDER
Used for move order creation
 INV_REPLENISH_DETAIL_PUB.LINE_DETAILS_PUB
Move Order Allocation
 INV_PICK_WAVE_PICK_CONFIRM_PUB.PICK_CONFIRM
Move Order or Sales Order confirm
 INV_RESERVATION_PUB.CREATE_RESERVATION
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Reservation Creation
 INV_RESERVATION_PUB.QUERY_RESERVATION
{/slide}
{slide=35.What are lexical Parameters?}
Lexical Parameters enable you to link your report to any other Oracle product.
For example: When you are calling a report from a certain form, you can use the run product
method and pass to it a parameter list, that has a parameter referring to a lexical parameter
used in the report.
{/slide}
{slide=36.System Parameters Used in Reports}
BACKGROUND Is whether the report should run in the foreground or the background.
COPIES Is the number of report copies that should be made when the report is printed.
CURRENCY Is the symbol for the currency indicator (e.g., "$").
DECIMAL Is the symbol for the decimal indicator (e.g., ".").
DESFORMAT Is the definition of the output device's format (e.g., landscape mode for a printer).
This parameter is used when running a report in a character-mode environment, and when
sending a bitmap report to a file (e.g. to create PDF or HTML output).
DESNAME Is the name of the output device (e.g., the file name, printer's name, mail userid).
DESTYPE Is the type of device to which to send the report output (screen, file, mail, printer, or
screen using PostScript format).
MODE Is whether the report should run in character mode or bitmap.
ORIENTATION Is the print direction for the report (landscape, portrait, default).
PRINTJOB Is whether the Print Job dialog box should appear before the report is run.
THOUSANDS Is the symbol for the thousand's indicator (e.g., ",").
DESNAME
DESTYPE
DESFORMAT
COPIES
{/slide}
{slide=37.OPTIMIZER}
The Oracle optimizer has two primary modes of operation
1. Cost Based (CHOOSE)
2. Rule Based (RULE){/slide}
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{slide=38.Cursor Attributes}
FOUND
NOTFOUND
ISOPEN
ROWCOUNT
{/slide}
{slide=39.What are views?}
Views are database objects whose contents are derived from another table.
A view contains no data of its own.
{/slide}
{slide=40.What are the PL/SQL data types?}
1. Scalar types
2. Composite types
3. LOB types
{/slide}
{slide=41.What is Varying array (varray) ?}
A varying array allows you to store repeating attributes of a record in a single row.
Process: First create a TYPE of VARRAY and then define in the table.
Step 1: Create or Replace TYPE TOOLS_VA as VARRAY(5) of varchar2(2);
Step 2: Create table BORROWER
(
Name varchar2(25),
Tools TOOLS_VA,
Constraint BORROWER_PK primary key (Name)
);{/slide}
{slide=42.What are collectors?}
Collectors are used to accurately represent relationships between datatypes in your database
objects.
Collectors such as varray allow you to repeat only those column values that change, potentially
saving storage space.
There are two types of collectors
1. Nested Tables
2. Varying Arrays
{/slide}
{slide=43.How do you compile Procedures and Packages?}
ALTER COMPILE;
{/slide}
{slide=44.Give one report customization that can be done.}
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On hand report customization
There was no item locator and I had to add it
Item Quantities
On hand balances
Item Locator {/slide}
{slide=45.Difference between Org_Id and Organization_Id?}
Org_Id : Operating Unit Id
Organization_Id : Inventory organization Id
{/slide}
{slide=46.Mapping Rule}
It is not necessary that values available in legacy system will be valid values in Oracle Apps. So
the rules to change legacy values to valid Oracle Apps values is called mapping rule.
{/slide}
{/tabs}
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SAP ABAP interview Questions, Answers,

SAPDB.INFO
Credits:
Thanks to everyone who has compiled all these Questions and Answers
SAP R/3 ARCHITECTURE
1. What guarantees the integration of all application modules?
The R/3 basis system guarantees the integration of all application modules. The R/3 basis s/w provides the run time environment for the R/3 applications ensures optimal integration, defines a stable architectural frame for system enhancements, and contains the administration tools for the entire system.
One of the main tasks of the basis system is to guarantee the portability of the complete system.
2. What are the central interfaces of the R/3 system?
Presentation Interface.
Database Interface.
Operating system Interface.
3. Which interface controls what is shown on the p.c.?
Presentation Interface.
4. Which interface converts SQL requirements in the SAP development system to those of the database?
Database Interface.
5. What is SAP dispatcher?
SAP dispatcher is the control agent that manages the resources for the R/3 applications.
6. What are the functions of dispatcher?
Equal distribution of transaction load to the work processes.
Management of buffer areas in main memory.
Integration of the presentation levels.
Organization of communication activities.
7. What is a work process?
A work process is where individual dialog steps are actually processed and the work is done. Each work process handles one type of request.
8. Name various work processes of R/3 system?
Dialog or Online (processes only one request at a time).
Background (Started at a specific time)
Update (primary or secondary)
Enque (Lock mechanism).
Spool (generated online or during back ground processing for printing).
9. Explain about the two services that are used to deal with communication.
Message Service: Used by the application servers to exchange short internal messages, all system communications.
Gateway Service: Enables communication between R/3 and external applications using CPI-C protocol.
10. Which work process triggers database changes?
Update work process.
11. Define service (within R/3)?
A service is a process or group of processes that perform a specific system function and often provide an application-programming interface for other processes to call.
12. What are the roll and page areas?
Roll and page areas are SAP R/3 buffers used to store user contexts (process requests). The SAP dispatcher assigns process requests to work processes as they are queued in the roll and page areas.
Paging area holds data from the application programs.
Roll area holds data from previous dialog steps and data that characterize the user.
13. What are the different layers in R/3 system?
Presentation Layer.
Application Layer.
Database Layer.
14. What are the phases of background processing?
Job Scheduling.
Job Processing.
Job Overview.
15. What components of the R/e system initiate the start of background jobs at the specified time?
The batch scheduler initiates the start of background job. The dispatcher then sends this request to an available background work process for processing.
16. Define Instance.
An instance is an administrative unit in which components of an R/3 systems providing one or more services are grouped together. The services offered by an instance are started and stopped at random. All components are parameterized using a joint instance profile. A central R/3 system consists of a single instance in which all-necessary SAP services are offered. Each instance uses separate buffer areas.
17. From hardware perspective, every information system can be divided into three task areas Presentation, Application Logic and Data Storage.
The R/3 Basis software is highly suitable for use in multi-level client/server architectures.
18. What are R/3 Basis configurations?
A central system with centrally installed presentation software.
Two-level client/server system with rolled out presentation software.
Two-level client/server system. Presentation and Application run on the same computer.
Three-level client/server system. Presentation, Application and database each run on separate computers.
19. What is a Service in SAP terminology?
A service refers to something offered by a s/w component.
20. What is Server in SAP terminology?
A component can consist of one process or a group and is then called the server for the respective service.
21. What is a client in SAP terminology?
A S/W component that uses the service (offered by a s/w component) is called a Client. At the same time these clients may also be servers for other services.
22.What is a SAP system?
The union of all s/w components that are assigned to the same databases is called as a SAP system.
23. What is the means of communications between R/3 and external applications?
The means of communication between R/2,R/3 and external applications is via the CPI-C handler or SAP Gateway, using the CPI-C Protocol.
24. What is the protocol used by SAP Gateway process?
The SAP Gateway process communicates with the clients based on the TCP/IP Protocol.
25. Expand CPI-C.
Common Program Interface Communication.
26. What is a Spool request?
Spool requests are generated during dialog or background processing and placed in the spool database with information about the printer and print format. The actual data is places in the Tem Se (Temporary Sequential objects).
27. What are different types of Log records?
V1 and V2. V1 must be processed before V2. But, we can have more than one V2 logs.
28. What are the types of Update requests?
An update request can be divided into one primary (V1) and several Secondary update components (V2). Time-critical operations are placed in V1 component and those whose timing is less critical are placed in V2 components. If a V1 update fails, V2 components will not be processed.
29. Dialog work processes perform only one dialog step and then available for the next request.
30. Explain what is a transaction in SAP terminology.
In SAP terminology, a transaction is series of logically connected dialog steps.
31. Explain how SAP GUI handles output screen for the user.
The SAP front-end s/w can either run on the same computer or on different computers provided for that purpose. User terminal input is accepted by the SAP terminal program SAP GUI, converted to SAP proprietary format and sent to the SAP dispatcher. The dispatcher coordinates the information exchange between the SAP GUIs and the work processes. The dispatcher first places the processing request in request queues, which it then processes. The dispatcher dispatches the requests one after another, to the available work process. The actual processing takes place in the work process. When processing is complete, the result of a work process is returned via the dispatcher to the SAP GUI. The SAP GUI interprets the received data and generates the output screen for the user.
DATA DICTIONARY
1. What are the layers of data description in R/3?
• The external layer.
• The ABAP/4 layer.
• The database layer.
2. Define external layer?
The external layer is the plane at which the user sees and interacts with the data, that is, the data format in the user interface. This data format is independent of the database system used.
3. Define ABAP/4 layer?
The ABAP/4 layer describes the data formats used by the ABAP/4 processor.
4. Define Database layer?
The database layer describes the data formats used in the database.
5. What is a Data Class?
The Data class determines in which table space the table is stored when it is created in the database.
6. What is a Size Category?
The Size category describes the probable space requirement of the table in the database.
7. How many types of size categories and data classes are there?
There are five size categories (0-4) and 11 data classes only three of which are appropriate for application tables:
• APPL0- Master data (data frequently accessed but rarely updated).
• APPL1- Transaction data (data that is changed frequently).
• APPL2- Organizational data (customizing data that is entered when system is configured and then rarely changed).
The other two types are:
• USR
• USR1 – Intended for customer’s own developments.
8. What are control tables?
The values specified for the size category and data class are mapped to database-specific values via control tables.
9. What is the function of the transport system and workbench organizer?
The function of the transport system and the Workbench Organizer is to manage any changes made to objects of the ABAP/4 Development Workbench and to transport these changes between different SAP systems.
10. What is a table pool?
A table pool (or pool) is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. The definition of a pool consists of at least two key fields and a long argument field (VARDATA).
11. What are pooled tables?
These are logical tables, which must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined. Pooled tables can be used to store control data (such as screen sequences or program parameters).
12. What is a table cluster?
A table cluster combines several logical tables in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. Several logical rows from different cluster tables are brought together in a single physical record. The records from the cluster tables assigned to a cluster are thus stored in a single common table in the database.
13. How can we access the correction and transport system?
Each time you create a new object or change an existing object in the ABAP/4 Dictionary, you branch automatically to the Workbench Organizer or correction and transport system.
14. Which objects are independent transport objects?
Domains, Data elements, Tables, Technical settings for tables, Secondary indexes for transparent tables, Structures, Views, Matchcode objects, Matchcode Ids, Lock objects.
15. How is conversion of data types done between ABAP/4 & DB layer?
Conversion between ABAP/4 data types and the database layer is done within the database interface.
16. How is conversion of data types done between ABAP/4 & external level?
Conversion between the external layer and the ABAP/4 layer is done in the SAP dialog manager DYNP.
17. What are the Data types of the external layer?
ACCP, Char, CLNT, CUKY, CURR, DATS, DESC, FLTP, INT1, INT2, INT4, LANG, LCHR, LRAW, NUMC, PREC, QUAN, RAW, TIMS, UNIT,VARC.
18. What are the Data types of the ABAP/4 layer?
Possible ABAP/4 data types:
C: Character.
D: Date, format YYYYMMDD.
F: Floating-point number in DOUBLE PRECISION (8 bytes).
I: Integer.
N: Numerical character string of arbitrary length.
P: Amount of counter field (packed; implementation depends on h/w platform).
S: Time Stamp YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.
V: Character string of variable length, length is given in the first two bytes.
X: Hexadecimal (binary) storage.
19. How can we set the table spaces and extent sizes?
You can specify the extent sizes and the table space (physical storage area in the database) in which a transparent table is to be stored by setting the size category and data class.
20. What is the function of the correction system?
The correction system manages changes to internal system components. Such as objects of the ABAP/4 Dictionary.
21. What are local objects?
Local objects (Dev class$TMP) are independent of correction and transport system.
22. What is a Development class?
Related objects from the ABAP/4 repository are assigned to the same development class. This enables you to correct and transport related objects as a unit.
23. What is a data dictionary?
Data Dictionary is a central source of data in a data management system. Its main function is to support the creation and management of data definitions. It has details about
• What data is contained?
• What are the attributes of the data?
• What is the relationship existing between the various data elements?
24. What functions does a data dictionary perform?
In a data management system, the principal functions performed by the data dictionary are
• Management of data definitions.
• Provision of information for evaluation.
• Support for s/w development.
• Support form documentation.
• Ensuring that the data definitions are flexible and up-to-date.
25. What are the features of ABAP/4 Dictionary?
The most important features are:
• Integrated to aABAP/4 Development Workbench.
• Active in the runtime environment.
26. What are the uses of the information in the Data dictionary?
The following information is directly taken from the Data dictionary:
• Information on fields displayed with F1 help.
• Possible entries for fields displayed with F4 help.
• Matchcode and help views search utilities.
27. What are the basic objects of the data dictionary?
• Tables
• Domains
• Data elements
• Structures
• Foreign Keys
28. What are the aggregate objects in the data dictionary?
• Views
• Match codes
• Lock objects.
29. In the ABAP/4 Dictionary Tables can be defined independent of the underlying database (T/F).
True.
30. ABAP/4 Dictionary contains the Logical definition of the table.
31. A field containing currency amounts (data type CURR) must be assigned to a reference table and a reference field. Explain.
As a reference table, a system containing all the valid currencies is assigned or any other table, which contains a field with the currency key format. This field is called as reference field. The assignment of the field containing currency amounts to the reference field is made at runtime. The value in the reference field determines the currency of the amount.
32. A field containing quantity amounts (data type QUAN) must be assigned to a reference table and a reference field. Explain?
As a reference table, a system table containing all the valid quantity units is assigned or any other table, which contains a field with the format or quantity units (data type UNIT). This field is called as reference field.
The assignment of the field containing quantity amounts to the reference field is made at runtime. The value in the reference field determines the quantity unit of the amount.
33. What is the significance of Technical settings (specified while creating a table in the data dictionary)? By specifying technical settings we can control how database tables are created in the database. The technical settings allows us to
• Optimize storage space requirements.
• Table access behavior.
• Buffering required.
• Changes to entries logged.
34. What is a Table attribute?
The table’s attributes determine who is responsible for maintaining a table and which types of access are allowed for the table. The most important table attributes are:
• Delivery class.
• Table maintenance allowed.
• Activation type.
35. What is the significance of Delivery Class?
• The delivery class controls the degree to which the SAP or the customer is responsible for table maintenance.
• Whether SAP provides the table with or without contents.
• Determines the table type.
• Determines how the table behaves when it is first installed, at upgrade, when it is transported, and when a client copy is performed.
36. What is the max. no. Of structures that can be included in a table or structure.
Nine.
37. What are two methods of modifying SAP standard tables?
• Append Structures and
• Customizing Includes.
38. What is the difference between a Substructure and an Append Structure?
• In case of a substructure, the reference originates in the table itself, in the form of a statement include….
• In case of an append structure, the table itself remains unchanged and the reference originates in the append structure.
39. To how many tables can an append structure be assigned.
One.
40. If a table that is to be extended contains a long field, we cannot use append structures why?
Long fields in a table must always be located in the end, as the last field of the table. If a table has an append structure the append line must also be on the last field of the table.
41. Can we include customizing include or an append structure with Pooled or Cluster tables?
No.
42. What are the two ways for restricting the value range for a domain?
• By specifying fixed values.
• By stipulating a value table.
43. Structures can contain data only during the runtime of a program (T/F)
True.
44. What are the aggregate objects in the Dictionary?
• Views
• Match Code.
• Lock Object.
45. What are base tables of an aggregate object?
The tables making up an aggregate object (primary and secondary) are called aggregate object.
46. The data of a view is not physically stored, but derived from one or more tables (t/f)
True.
47. What are the 2 other types of Views, which are not allowed in Release 3.0?
• Structure Views.
• Entity Views.
48. What is a Match Code?
Match code is a tool to help us to search for data records in the system. Match Codes are an efficient and user-friendly search aid where key of a record is unknown.
49. What are the two levels in defining a Match Code?
• Match Code Object.
• Match Code Id.
50. What is the max no of match code Id’s that can be defined for one Match code object?
A match code Id is a one character ID that can be a letter or a number.
51. Can we define our own Match Code ID’s for SAP Matchcodes?
Yes, the number 0 to 9 are reserved for us to create our own Match Code Ids for a SAP defined Matchcode object.
52. What is an Update type with reference to a Match code ID?
If the data in one of the base tables of a matchcode ID changes, the matchcode data has to be updated. The update type stipulates when the matchcode is to be updated and how it is to be done. The update type also specifies which method is to be used for Building matchcodes. You must specify the update type when you define a matchcode ID.
53. Can matchcode object contain Ids with different update types?
Yes.
54. What are the update types possible?
The following update types are possible:
• Update type A: The matchcode data is updated asynchronously to database changes.
• Update type S: The matchcode data is updated synchronously to database changes.
• Update type P: The matchcode data is updated by the application program.
• Update type I: Access to the matchcode data is managed using a database view.
• Update type L: Access to the matchcode is achieved by calling a function module.
55. What are the two different ways of building a match code object?
A match code can be built in two different ways:
• Logical structure: The matchcode data is set up temporarily at the moment when the match code is accessed. (Update type I, k).
• Physical Structure: The match code data is physically stored in a separate table in the database. (Update type A, S, P).
56. What are the differences between a Database index and a match code?
• Match code can contain fields from several tables whereas an index can contain fields from only one table.
• Match code objects can be built on transparent tables and pooled and cluster tables.
57. What is the function of a Domain?
• A domain describes the technical settings of a table field.
• A domain defines a value range, which sets the permissible data values for the fields, which refers to this domain.
• A single domain can be used as basis for any number of fields that are identical in structure.
58. Can you delete a domain, which is being used by data elements?
No.
59. What are conversion routines?
• Non-standard conversions from display format to sap internal format and vice-versa are implemented with so called conversion routines.
60. What is the function of a data element?
A data element describes the role played by a domain in a technical context. A data element contains semantic information.
61. Can a domain, assigned to a data element be changed?
Yes. We can do so by just overwriting the entry in the field domain.
62. Can you delete data element, which is being used by table fields.
No.
63. Can you define a field without a data element?
Yes. If you want to specify no data element and therefore no domain for a field, you can enter data type and field length and a short text directly in the table maintenance.
64. What are null values?
If the value of a field in a table is undefined or unknown, it is called a null value.
65. What is the difference between a structure and a table?
Structures are constructed the almost the same way as tables, the only difference using that no database table is generated from them.
66. What is a view?
A view is a logical view on one or more tables. A view on one or more tables i.e., the data from a view is not actually physically stored instead being derived from one or more tables.
67. How many types of Views are there?
• Database View
• Help View
• Projection View
• Maintenance View
68. What is Locking?
When two users simultaneously attempt to access the same data record, this is synchronized by a lock mechanism.
69. What is database utility?
Database utility is the interface between the ABAP/4 Dictionary and the underlying the SAP system.
70. What are the basic functions of Database utility?
The basic functions of database utility are:
• Create database objects.
• Delete database objects.
• Adjust database objects to changed ABAP/4 dictionary definition.
71. What is Repository Info. Systems?
It is a tool with which you can make data stored in the ABAP/4 Dictionary available.
MODULARIZATION
1. Does every ABAP/4 have a modular structure?
Yes.
2. What is Modularization and its benefits?
If the program contains the same or similar blocks of statements or it is required to process the same function several times, we can avoid redundancy by using modularization techniques. By modularizing the ABAP/4 programs we make them easy to read and improve their structure. Modularized programs are also easier to maintain and to update.
3. Name the ABAP/4 Modularization techniques.
• Source code module.
• Subroutines.
• Functions.
4. How can we create callable modules of program code within one ABAP/4 program?
• By defining Macros.
• By creating include programs in the library.
5. M is the attribute type of the module program.
6. Is it possible to pass data to and from include programs explicitly?
No. If it is required to pass data to and from modules it is required to use subroutines or function modules.
7. What are subroutines?
Subroutines are program modules, which can be called from other ABAP/4 programs or within the same program.
8. What are the types of Subroutines?
• Internal Subroutines: The source code of the internal subroutines will be in the same ABAP/4 program as the calling procedure (internal call).
• External Subroutines: The source code of the external subroutines will be in an ABAP/4 program other than the calling procedure.
9. It is not possible to create an ABAP/4 program, which contains only Subroutines (T/F).
False.
10. A subroutine can contain nested form and endform blocks. (T/F)
False.
11. Data can be passed between calling programs and the subroutines using Parameters.
12. What are the different types of parameters?
Formal Parameters: Parameters, which are defined during the definition of subroutine with the FORM statement.
Actual Parameters: Parameters which are specified during the call of a subroutine with the PERFORM statement.
13. How can one distinguish between different kinds of parameters?
• Input parameters are used to pass data to subroutines.
• Output parameters are used to pass data from subroutines.
14. What are the different methods of passing data?
• Calling by reference: During a subroutine call, only the address of the actual parameter is transferred to the formal parameters. The formal parameter has no memory of its own, and we work with the field of the calling program within the subroutine. If we change the formal parameter, the field contents in the calling program also changes.
• Calling by value: During a subroutine call, the formal parameters are created as copies of the actual parameters. The formal parameters have memory of their own. Changes to the formal parameters have no effect on the actual parameters.
• Calling by value and result: During a subroutine call, the formal parameters are created as copies of the actual parameters. The formal parameters have their own memory space. Changes to the formal parameters are copied to the actual parameters at the end of the subroutine.
15. The method by which internal tables are passed is By Reference.
16. How can an internal table with Header line and one without header line be distinguished when passed to a subroutine?
Itab[] is used in the form and endform if the internal table is passed with a header line.
17. What should be declared explicitly in the corresponding ABAP/4 Statements to access internal tables without header lines & why?
Work Area. This is required as the Work Area is the interface for transferring data to and from the table.
18. A subroutine can be terminated unconditionally using EXIT. (T/F)
True.
19. A subroutine can be terminated upon a condition using CHECK Statement.
20. Function Modules are also external Subroutines. (T/F).
True.
21. What is the difference between the function module and a normal ABAP/4 subroutine?
In contrast to normal subroutines function modules have uniquely defined interface. Declaring data as common parts is not possible for function modules. Function modules are stored in a central library.
22. What is a function group?
A function group is a collection of logically related modules that share global data with each other. All the modules in the group are included in the same main program. When an ABAP/4 program contains a CALL FUNCTION statement, the system loads the entire function group in with the program code at runtime. Every function module belongs to a function group.
23. What is the disadvantage of a call by reference?
During a call by reference damage or loss of data is not restricted to the subroutine, but will instantly lead to changes to the original data objects.
24. A function module can be called from a transaction screen outside an ABAP/4 program. (T/F).
True.
25. What is an update task?
It is an SAP provided procedure for updating a database.
26. What happens if a function module runs in an update task?
The system performs the module processing asynchronously. Instead of carrying out the call immediately, the system waits until the next database update is triggered with the ‘COMMIT WORK’ command.
27. The function modules are created and stored in the Function Library.
28. When a function module is activated syntax checking is performed automatically. (Y/N)
True.
29. What is the use of the RAISING exception?
The raising exception determines whether the calling program will handle the exception itself or leave the exception to the system.
30. What is the difference between internal tables and extract datasets?
• The lines of an internal table always have the same structure. By using extract datasets, you can handle groups of data with different structure and get statistical figures from the grouped data.
• You have to define the structure of the internal table at the beginning. You need not define the structure of the extract dataset.
• In contrast to internal tables, the system partly compresses exact datasets when storing them. This reduces the storage space required.
• Internal tables require special work area for interface whereas extract datasets do not need a special work area for interface.
31. It is possible to assign a local data object defined in a subroutine or function module to a field group. (T/F).
False.
32. What is the difference between field-group header and other field groups?
The header field group is a special field group for the sort criteria. The system automatically prefixes any other field groups with the header field group.
33. Can a filed occur in several field groups.
Yes. But it leads to unnecessary data redundancy.
34. When sorting the extract dataset the fields used as default sort key lie in the Header field group.
35. What does the insert statement in extract datasets do?
It defines the fields of a field group.
36. What does the extract statement do in extract datasets?
The data is written to virtual memory by extract commands.
37. A field-groups statement or an insert statement reverses storage space and transfers values. (T/F).
False.
38. While using extract datasets it is required to have a special workarea for interface (T/F)
False.
39. The LOOP-ENDLOOP on extract datasets can be used without any kind of errors (T/F)
False. It causes runtime errors.
40. The Maximum no of key fields that can be used in a header is 50.
41. While sorting field groups we cannot use more than one key field (T/F).
False.
42. While sorting, if the main storage available is not enough, the system writes data to an external help file. The SAP profile parameter, which determines this help file, is DIR_SORTTMP.
43. The extract statements in field groups can be used before or after processing the sort statements. (T/F)
FALSE.
LOGICAL DATABASE
1. Preparation of the data records by the L.D.B and reading of the data records in the actual report are accomplished with the command pair Put and Get.
2. The three main elements of LDB are Structure, Selections, and Database Program.
3. In LDB what determines hierarchy of the tables?
Structure.
4. In general what are the two ways in which one can retrieve data from tables?
Using Select statements, Database Program.
5. With LDB one can modify the pre-generated selection screen to their needs (T/F).
Yes.
6. Logical databases are programs that read data from Database tables (Dictionary Structures).
7. The event Get
LATE process all tables that are hierarchically superior to the
. (True/False) False. It processes all tables that are hierarchically inferior to the
. 8. The Database Program of LDB is a collection of SUBROUTINES, which selects data and passes it to the report. 9. The layout of the Database program is determined by both Structure and Selections. 10. The order in which data is made available to the report depends on Structure of the LDB. 11. Apart from the structure and selections of the LDB the GET statements in the report determines the behavior of the database at runtime. 12. Node at the highest level in the structure is known as Root. 13. There can be more than one node at the highest level in the structure. (T/F) False. One can define only one node at the highest level in the structure on LDB. 14. All nodes in the structure of LDB need not be defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary (T/F). False. One has to define all nodes in the Dictionary or one has to select all nodes that are defined in the Dictionary. 15. It is not possible to use ABAP/4 Dictionary Structures without an underlying database using LDB. (T/F) True. One can use additionally related tables, along with the tables defined in the structure of LDB. 16. Dynamic selections allow the user to define further selections for database access in addition to the selection criteria already defined in the LDB selections. 17. Check statement can be used along with the event GET in the report for checking the selections, which are not table-specific values. 18. In sense of Database Management System (DBMS) LOGICAL DATABASE is a database Structure. (T/F). False. 19. It is not necessary to maintain the Parent-Child relationship between the tables in Logical Database Structure. (T/F) False. One has to maintain the Parent-Child relationship. 20. Is it possible to extract data from tables without using the event ‘GET’ in the report with an appropriate LDB. (T/F). False. One can extract data from tables using Select statements in a report, though the report is having a LDB attribute. 21. What sorts of tables one can se in designing the hierarchy of a LDB? Tables, which are having Foreign Key relations. 22. A report program, which uses only SELECT statements, is called SQL Report. 23. One cannot use SELECT statements in a report program linked to a Logical Database (T/F). False. 24. Is it true that the Logical Database reads the data from the database tables using Select Statements (T/F). Yes. We are coding that in Database part of LDB. 25. In a report with an LDB attribute, you do not have to define how the information should be retrieved from the database tables, but only how the data should be represented on the screen. (T/F). True. 26. One can use the event GET in a report without LDB attribute. (T/F). False. 27. The last character of the LDB name denotes Application. 28. The structure of Logical Databases reflects the Foreign Key dependencies of hierarchical tables in the SAP system. 29. It is mandatory that for each table in the LDB hierarchy there should exist one GET statement in the report. (T/F). False. It is not necessary. 30. What happens if a report does not contain a GET statement for a particular node of a Logical Database. Process will transfer to the next event. 31. In a Logical Database, one can define input fields on the selection screen with Select-Options and Parameters statements. 32. Suppose a logical database program contains the following lines: SELECT-OPTIONS CONNID FOR SPFLI-CONNID. PARAMETERS CARRID LIKE SFLIGHT-CARRID FOR TABLE SFLIGHT. What will be the output, for the above two statements? Only select-options connid for spfli-carrid will be displayed on the screen. 33. Consider a report with F1S attribute, what will be the output for the following code. Whether you will get the data from spfli and sflight or not, with corresponding tables statement, GET SPFLI. GET SFLIGHT. Write:/ spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, sbook-bookid. Yes, you will get the data from spfli and sflight. 34. Consider a report with F1S attribute, what will be the output of the following code. Whether you will get the data from sbook or not, with corresponding tables statement. GET SPFLI. GET SFLIGHT. Write:/ spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, sbook-bookid. You cannot extract data from sbook. 35. Identify any errors in the following code and correct the same, and what will be the output. If there exists corresponding tables statement, for spfli, sflight, sbook. GET SPFLI. GET SBOOK. Write:/ spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, sbook-bookid, sbook-class. No syntax errors. You will get data from all the three tables. 36. Does the following two statements do the same task? If so which one takes less time and which one is recommended. Select * from spfli where spfli-carrid = ‘LH’ and spfli-connid = ‘400’. Endselect. Select * from spfli. Check: spfli-carrid = ‘LH’ and spflid-connid = ‘400’. Endselect. -Yes they will do the same task. Second Select statement takes less time and is recommended. 37. If you want to improve the response time (time to access data) Logical Databases permits you to achieve this using VIEWS. 38. Is there any upper limit (max) to the possible number of nodes in a logical database structure? If so what is the limit? Yes, there is an upper limit for defining number of nodes in a Logical Database Structure. Maximum nodes = 1200 / length where length = max. Length of name in the structure. 39. In the structure of Logical Database nodes at different levels are displayed in the same columns. (T/F) If false what types of nodes are displayed in the same columns. If true what type of nodes are not displayed in the same columns. False. Nodes at same levels are displayed in the same columns. 40. What are the advantages of Logical Databases? It offers an easy-to-use selection screens. You can modify the pre-generated selection screen to your needs. It offers check functions to check whether user input is complete, correct, and plausible. It offers reasonable data selections. It contains central authorization checks for data base accesses. Enhancements such as improved performance immediately apply to all report programs that use the logical database. 41. Though all the ABAP/4 Dictionary Structures that exists in the structure of the LDB, being defined in Database Program, we are defining the Dictionary Structures in the Report. What is the reason for such declaration? By declaring so we are providing work areas for data passing between Logical Database and Report. In addition, the logical database configures the selection screen depending on the selection of database tables. 42. Is it mandatory to declare all the tables in Report by the key word tables for all the tables that exist in the structure of LDB, and are being defined in the Database part of LDB. No, It is not mandatory to declare all tables in report. 43. If one wants to access data using Logical Database, the use of events is unavoidable. (T/F). True. REPORT GENERATION – FORMATTING 1. The alignment of a type ‘c’ field in a report is left Aligned. 2. In the statement Write:/15(10) Ofal-lifnr. what do the number 15 and 10 stand for 15 stand for the offset on the screen and 10 stands for the field length displayed. 3. Specify the default alignment for the following field types: ‘D’ – Left, ‘F’-Right, ‘N’-Left, ‘I’-Right, ‘T’-Left. 4. If s_time has the value ‘123456’ how would you get an output of 12:34:56 with a single ‘Write:’ statement. Write:s_time using edit mask’--:--:--‘. 5. In order to suppress the leading zeroes of a number field the keywords used are NO-ZERO. 6. The total no of date formats that can be used to display a date during output is MM/DD/YY, DD/MM/YY, DD/MM/YYYY, MM/DD/YYYY, MMDDYY, DDMMYY, YYMMDD. 7. The UNDER Command allows for vertical alignment of fields one below the other. 8. In order to concatenate strings only for output purposes the command NO-GAP can be used in conjunction with the ‘Write’ statement. 9. The no of decimal places for output can be defines within a write statement. (T/F). TRUE. Write:/ decimals 2. 10. Data can be moved from one field to another using a ‘Write:’ Statement and stored in the desired format. (T/F). TRUE. Write: Date_1 to Date_2 format DD/MM/YY. 11. In the statement Write:/15(10) lfa1-lifnr. The values 15 and 11 can also be defined by variables (T/F). False. 12. Differentiate between the following two statements if any. ULINE. Write: sy-uline. No-difference. Except that uline is used outside the ‘Write’ Statement. 13. In order to skip a single line the number of lines need not be given as an assignment (T/F) TRUE. 14. The “SKIP TO LINE line number” is dependent on the LINE-COUNT statement included in the report statement of the program. 15. In order to skip columns the command used is POSITION . 16. In order to have boldfaced text as output the command used is Write:INTENSIFIED. 17. Background and foreground colors can be interchanged using the command Format Inverse. 18. In order to restore the system defaults for all changes made with the format statement is Format Reset. 19. Like ULINE the statement VLINE is used to insert vertical lines. (T/F). False. 20. Suppressing the number signs (+/-) is carried out using the addition NO-SIGNS to the Write statement. (T/F). False. 21. If SY-UZEIT has the value 6:34:45 it can be displayed as 063445 using No Edit Mask. 22. If the variable “Text” has the value ‘ABCDEF’ the output for the statement “Write:/Text+2(3)” will be “CDE” 23. The fields specified by select-options and parameters statement cannot be grouped together in the selection screen. (T/F). False. 24. When calling an external report the parameters or select-options specified in the external report cannot be called. (T/F) FALSE. 25. Selection Texts in the text elements of the program helps in changing the displayed names of variables in the parameters statement. 26. Type F datatype cannot be used to define parameters. 27. Rounding off of values can be carried out using the write statement. (T/F). TRUE 28. How would you define the exponents for a type ‘f’ field? Exponent . 29. How would you format the output as left, centered or right-justified using the write statement. Left-justified, Centered, Right-justified. 30. If the same formatting options were used for a WRITE statement that follows the FORMAT statement, which settings would take precedence. The settings in the Write Statement. 31. For each new event, the system resets all formatting options to their default values (T/F) TRUE. 32. All formatting options have the default value OFF. (T/F). TRUE. 33. How would you set the formatting options statically and dynamically within a report? Statically: FORMAT [ON|OFF]…. Dynamically: FORMAT = =…. 34. The page footer is defined using the statement END-OF-PAGE. 35. The processing block following END-OF-PAGE is processed only if you reserve lines for the footer in the LINE-COUNT option of the REPORT statement. (T/F) TRUE. 36. To execute a page break under the condition that less than a certain number of lines is left on a page is achieved by RESERVE n lines. 37. The RESERVE statement only takes effect if output is written to the subsequent page. No blank pages are created and it defines a block of lines that must be output as a whole. (T/F). TRUE. 38. To set the next output line to the first line of a block of lines defined with the RESERVE statement the statement BACK is used. 39. What is the limit for the length of a page if the page length is not specified in the report statement. 60,000 lines. 40. How would you start the printing process from within the program while creating a list? NEW-PAGE PRINT ON. 41. You can change the width of pages within list levels triggered by page breaks. (T/F). FALSE. 42. Hotspots are special areas of an output list used to trigger events. (T/F) TRUE. 43. To designate fields as hotspots at runtime, use FORMAT HOTSPOT = . 44. Horizontal lines created with ULINE and blank lines created with SKIP can be formatted as hotspots. (T/F). FALSE. 45. How would you suppress the display of a parameter on the selection screen? Parameters ………..No-Display. 46. Can you assign a matchcode object to a parameter? If so how? Yes. PARAMETERS ……..MATCHCODE OBJECT …….. 47. For each SELECT-OPTIONS statement, the system creates a selection table. (T/F) TRUE. 48. To position a set of parameters or comments on a single line on the selection screen, you must declare the elements in a block enclosed by SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF LINE. …….. SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE. 49. How can Symbols or R/3 icons be output on the screen? WRITE AS SYMBOL. WRITE AS ICON. 50. In the standard setting, you cannot create empty lines with the WRITE statement alone. (T/F). TRUE. REPORTING – GENERAL 1. The system field, which indicates success or failure of a SQL operation, is SY-SUBRC. 2. What is the syntax for specifying database table name at runtime in SELECT statement. NAME = ‘SPFL1’. SELECT * FROM (NAME). ………………. ………………. ENDSELECT. 3. How do you read selected lines of database table into an internal table in packages of predefined size. SELECT * FROM INTO TABLE PACKAGE SIZE. Where n is variable. 4. Name the WILDCARD characters which are used for comparisons with character strings & numeric strings. ‘%’ and ‘-‘. 5. In SELECT statements can you specify a variable in WHERE condition or a part of the condition, if so what is the syntax. SELECT * FROM
WHERE . 6. Name the ABAP/4 key words, which are used to change the contents of database table. UPDATE or MODIFY. 7. How to specify a client for database table processing. TABLES SPFLI. SELECT * FROM SPFLI CLIENT SPECIFIED WHERE MANDT BETWEEN ‘001’ AND ‘003’. …….. ENDSELECT. 8. How do you write a DATA object from ABAP/4 program to ABAP/4 memory and restore the same from memory to program. EXPORT [FROM ][FROM ]…. TO MEMORY ID . The ID , which can be up to 32 characters long, identifies the data in memory. 9. What are DATA CLUSTERS? You can group any complex internal data objects of an ABAP/4 program together in data clusters and store them temporarily in ABAP/4 memory or for longer periods in databases. You can store data clusters in special databases of the ABAP/4 Dictionary. These databases are known as ABAP/4 cluster databases and have a predefined structure. Storing a data cluster is specific to ABAP/4. Although you can also access cluster databases using SQL statements, only ABAP/4 statements are able to decode the structure of the stored data cluster. 10. Statements used to delete data objects in ABAP/4 memory FREE MEMORY [ID ]. 11. How will you create a file on application server. Open dataset for output. 12. ABAP/4 statement for opening a file on application server for reading Open dataset for input. 13. How will you transfer data into a file in application server? Data fname(60) value ‘mYFILE’. Data num type i. Open dataset fname for output. Do 10 times. Num = Num +1. Transfer num to fname. Enddo. …….etc. 14. Name the function modules to write data from an Internal Table to the Presentation Server. DOWNLOAD and WS_DOWNLOAD. 15. Name the function module that can be used to give information about files on Presentation Server and about its Operating System. WS_QUERY. 16. Name the ABAP/4 key word, which is used to clear the Headerline of an Internal Table. CLEAR. 17. Name the function modules to read data from Presentation Server into an Internal Table. UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD. 18. Name the ABAP/4 keywords to initialize an Internal Table with and without headerline. REFRESH . 19. How to determine the attributes of an internal table? DESCRIBE TABLE [LINES ] [OCCURS ]. 20. Name the ABAP/4 key word for searching a string in an Internal Table. SEARCH FOR . The different options () for the search in an internal table are: ABBREVIATED Searches tablefor a word containing the character string specified in , where other characters might separate the characters. The first letter of the word and the string must be the same. STARTING AT Searches table for , starting at line . <\lin1> can be a variable. ENDING AT Searches table for upto line. can be a variable. AND MARK If the search string is found, all the characters in the search string (and all the characters in between when using ABBREVIATED) are converted to upper case. 21. What are the different attributes that can be assigned to a variant? The different attributes that can be assigned to a variant are…. Description Enter a short, meaningful description of the variant. This may be upto 30 characters long. Background only Specify whether you want to use the variant in background processing only, or in online environment as well. Protected variant. Mark the field if you want to protect your variant against being changed by other users. Do not display variant. Mark this field if you want the variant name to be displayed in the catalog only, but not in the F4 value list. For the selections you cover in a variant, you can enter the following attributes: Type The system displays whether the field is a parameter or a select option. Protected Mark this field for each field on the selection screen you want to protect from being overwritten. Values that you mark this way are displayed to the users, but they cannot change them, that are they are not ready to accept input. Invisible If you mark this column, the system will not display the corresponding field on the selection screen the user sees when starting the report program. Variable Mark this column if you want to set the value for this field at runtime. 22. Is it possible to create new dynamic programs during runtime of an ABAP/4 program? If so how? To create new dynamic programs during the runtime of an ABAP/4 program, you must use an internal table. For this purpose, you should create this internal table with one character type column and a line width of 72. You can use any method you like from Filling Internal Tables to write the code of your new program into the internal table. Especially, you can use internal fields in which contents are dependent on the flow of the program that you use to create a new one, to influence the coding of the new program dynamically. The following example shows how to proceed in principal: DATA CODE (72) OCCURS 10. APPEND ‘REPORT ZDYN1.’ TO CODE. APPEND ‘WRITE/”Hello, I am dynamically created!”.’ TO CODE. Two lines of a very simple program are written into the internal table CODE. In the next step you have to put the new module, in the above example it is a report, into the library. For this purpose you can use the following statement: Syntax INSERT REPORT FROM . The program is inserted in your present development class in the R/3 Repository. If a program with this name does not already exists, it is newly created with the following attributes: Title: none, Type: 1 (Reporting), Application: S (Basis). You can specify the name of the program explicitly within single quotation marks or you can write the name of a character field, which contains the program name. The name of the program must not necessarily be the same as given in the coding, but it is recommended to do so. is the internal table containing the source code. For the above example you could write: INSERT REPORT ‘ZDYN1’ FROM CODE. Or DATA REP (8). REP = ‘ZDYN1’ INSERT REPORT REP FROM CODE. 23. Data types can be elementary or structured (T/F). TRUE. 24. The amount of memory associated with a data type is ZERO. 25. Data objects are the physical units a program uses at runtime. (T/F). TRUE. 26. The data object does not occupy any space in memory. (T/F) FALSE. 27. What are the three hierarchical levels of data types and objects? Program-independent data, defined in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. Internal data used globally in one program. Data used locally in a procedure (subroutine, function module) 28. How would you find the attributes of a data type or data object? DESCRIBE FIELD [LENGTH [COMPONENTS ]] [OUTPUT-LENGTH ] [DECIMALS ] [EDIT MASK ]. 29. The components of a field string cannot have different data types. (T/F). FALSE. 30. Field strings are also called as Record or Structures. 31. If a field string is aligned (Left, centered, right justified etc.), the filler fields are also added to the length of the type C field. (T/F). TRUE. 32. You cannot assign a local data object defined in a subroutine or function module to a field group. (T/F) TRUE. 33. A field group reserves storage space for the fields, and does not contain pointers to existing fields (T/F). False. 34. Defining a field group as ‘HEADER’ is optional (T/F) FALSE. 35. How would you define a field symbol? FIELD-SYMBOLS. 36. Which function module would you use to check the user’s authorization to access files before opening a file? AUTHORITY_CHECK_DATASET 37. Name the function module used to convert logical file names to physical file names in ABAP/4 programs. FILE_GET_NAME. 38. Parameters, which are defined during the definition of a subroutine with the FORM statement, are called Formal Parameters. 39. Parameters which are specified during the call of a subroutine with the PERFORM statement are called Actual Parameters. 40. In subroutines internal tables that are passed by TABLES, are always called by value and result. (T/F) FALSE. They are called by reference. INTERACTIVE REPORTING 1. What is interactive reporting? It helps you to create easy-to-read lists. You can display an overview list first that contains general information and provide the user with the possibility of choosing detailed information that you display on further lists. 2. What are the uses of interactive reporting? The user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session. Instead of an extensive and detailed list, you create a basic list with condensed information from which the user can switch to detailed displays by positioning the cursor and entering commands. The detailed information appears in secondary lists. 3. What are the event key words in interactive reporting? Event Keyword Event AT LINE-SELECTION Moment at which the user selects a line by double clicking on it or by positioning the cursor on it and pressing F2. AT USER-COMMAND Moment at which the user presses a function key. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING Moment during list processing of a LINE-SELECTION secondary list at which a new page starts. 4. What is secondary list? It allows you to enhance the information presented in the basic list. The user can, for example, select a line of the basic list for which he wants to see more detailed information. You display these details on a secondary list. Secondary lists may either overlay the basic list completely or you can display them in an extra window on the screen. The secondary lists can themselves be interactive again. 5. How to select valid lines for secondary list? To prevent the user from selecting invalid lines, ABAP/4 offers several possibilities. At the end of the processing block END-OF-SELECTION, delete the contents of one or more fields you previously stored for valid lines using the HIDE statement. At the event AT LINE-SELECTION, check whether the work area is initial or whether the HIDE statement stored field contents there. After processing the secondary list, clear the work area again. This prevents the user from trying to create further secondary lists from the secondary list displayed. 6. How to create user interfaces for lists? The R/3 system automatically, generates a graphical user interface (GUI) for your lists that offers the basic functions for list processing, such as saving or printing the list. If you want to include additional functionality, such as pushbuttons, you must define your own interface status. To create a new status, the Development Workbench offers the Menu Painter. With the Menu Painter, you can create menus and application toolbars. And you can assign Function Keys to certain functions. At the beginning of the statement block of AT END-OF-SELECTION, active the status of the basic list using the statement: SET PF-STATUS ‘STATUS’. 7. What is interactive reporting? A classical non-interactive report consists of one program that creates a single list. Instead of one extensive and detailed list, with interactive reporting you create basic list from which the user can call detailed information by positioning the cursor and entering commands. Interactive reporting thus reduces information retrieval to the data actually required. 8. Can we call reports and transactions from interactive reporting lists? Yes. It also allows you to call transactions or other reports from lists. These programs then use values displayed in the list as input values. The user can, for example, call a transaction from within a list of change the database table whose data is displayed in the list. 9. What are system fields for secondary lists? SY-LSIND Index of the list created during the current event (basic list = 0) SY-LIST1 Index of the list level from which the event was triggered. SY-LILL1 Absolute number of the line from which the event was triggered. SY-LISEL Contents of the line from which the event was triggered. SY-CUROW Position of the line in the window from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1) SY-CUCOL Position of the column in the window from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 2). SY-CPAGE Page number of the first displayed page of the list from which the event was triggered. SY-STARO Number of the first line of the first page displayed of the list from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1). Possibly, a page header occupies this line. SY-STACO Number of the first column displayed in the list from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1). SY-UCOMM Function code that triggered the event. SY-PFKEY Status of the displayed list. 10. How to maintain lists? To return from a high list level to the next-lower level (SY-LSIND), the user chooses Back on a secondary list. The system then releases the currently displayed list and activates the list created one step earlier. The system deletes the contents of the released list. To explicitly specify the list level, into which you want to place output, set the SY-lsind field. The system accepts only index values, which correspond to existing list levels. It then deletes all existing list levels whose index is greater or equal to the index specify. For example, if you set SY-LSIND to 0, the system deletes all secondary lists and overwrites the basic list with the current secondary list. 11. What are the page headers for secondary lists? On secondary lists, the system does not display a standard page header and it does not trigger the event. TOP-OF-PAGE. To create page headers for secondary list, you must enhance TOP-OF-PAGE: Syntax TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION. The system triggers this event for each secondary list. If you want to create different page headers for different list levels, you must program the processing block of this event accordingly, for example by using system fields such as SY-LSIND or SY-PFKEY in control statements (IF, CASE). 12. How to use messages in lists? ABAP/4 allows you to react to incorrect or doubtful user input by displaying messages that influence the program flow depending on how serious the error was. Handling messages is mainly a topic of dialog programming. You store and maintain messages in Table T100. Messages are sorted by language, by a two-character ID, and by a three-digit number. You can assign different message types to each message you output. The influence of a message on the program flow depends on the message type. In our program, use the MESSAGE statement to output messages statically or dynamically and to determine the message type. Syntax:REPORT MESSAGE-ID . 13. What are the types of messages? A message can have five different types. These message types have the following effects during list processing: .A (=Abend): .E (=Error) or W (=Warning): .I (=Information): .S (=Success): 14. What are the user interfaces of interactive lists? If you want the user to communicate with the system during list display, the list must be interactive. You can define specific interactive possibilities in the status of the list’s user interface (GUI). To define the statuses of interfaces in the R/3 system, use the Menu Painter tool. In the Menu Painter, assign function codes to certain interactive functions. After an user action occurs on the completed interface, the ABAP/4 processor checks the function code and, if valid, triggers the corresponding event. 15. What are the drill-down features provided by ABAP/4 in interactive lists? ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list. 16. What is meant by stacked list? A stacked list is nothing but secondary list and is displayed on a full-size screen unless you have specified its coordinates using the window command. 17. Is the basic list deleted when the new list is created? No. It is not deleted and you can return back to it using one of the standard navigation functions like clicking on the back button or the cancel button. 18. What is meant by hotspots? A Hotspot is a list area where the mouse pointer appears as an upright hand symbol. When a user points to that area (and the hand cursor is active), a single click does the same thing as a double-click. Hotspots are supported from R/3 release 3.0c. 19. What is the length of function code at user-command? Each menu function, push button, or function key has an associated function code of length FOUR (for example, FREE), which is available in the system field SYUCOMM after the user action. 20. Can we create a gui status in a program from the object browser? Yes. You can create a GUI STATUS in a program using SET PF-STATUS. 21. In which system field does the name of current gui status is there? The name of the current GUI STATUS is available in the system field SY-PFKEY. 22. Can we display a list in a pop-up screen other than full-size stacked list? Yes, we can display a list in a pop-up screen using the command WINDOW with the additions starting at X1 Y1 and ending at X2 Y2 to set the upper-left and the lower-right corners where x1 y1 and x2 y2 are the coordinates. 23. What is meant by hide area? The hide command temporarily stores the contents of the field at the current line in a system-controlled memory called the HIDE AREA. At an interactive event, the contents of the field are restored from the HIDE AREA. 24. When the get cursor command used in interactive lists? If the hidden information is not sufficient to uniquely identify the selected line, the command GET CURSOR is used. The GET CURSOR command returns the name of the field at the cursor position in a field specified after the addition field, and the value of the selected field in a field specified after value. 25. How can you display frames (horizontal and vertical lines) in lists? You can display tabular lists with horizontal and vertical lines (FRAMES) using the ULINE command and the system field SY-VLINE. The corners arising at the intersection of horizontal and vertical lines are automatically drawn by the system. 26. What are the events used for page headers and footers? The events TOP-OF-PAGE and END-OF-PAGE are used for pager headers and footers. 27. How can you access the function code from menu painter? From within the program, you can use the SY-UCOMM system field to access the function code. You can define individual interfaces for your report and assign them in the report to any list level. If you do not specify self-defined interfaces in the report but use at least one of the three interactive event keywords. AT LINE-SELECTION, AT PF, OR AT USER-COMMAND in the program, the system automatically uses appropriate predefined standard interfaces. These standard interfaces provide the same functions as the standard list described under the standard list. 28. How the at-user command serves mainly in lists? The AT USER-COMMAND event serves mainly to handle own function codes. In this case, you should create an individual interface with the Menu Painter and define such function codes. 29. How to pass data from list to report? ABAP/4 provides three ways of passing data: ---Passing data automatically using system fields ---Using statements in the program to fetch data ---Passing list attributes 30. How can you manipulate the presentation and attributes of interactive lists? ---Scrolling through Interactive Lists. ---Setting the Cursor from within the Program. ---Modifying List Lines. 31. How to call other programs? Report Transaction Call and return SUBMIT AND RETURN CALL TRANSACTION Call without return SUBMIT LEAVE TO TRANSACTION You can use these statements in any ABAP/4 program. 32. What will exactly the hide statement do? For displaying the details on secondary lists requires that you have previously stored the contents of the selected line from within the program. To do this, ABAP/4 provides the HIDE statement. This statement stores the current field contents for the current list line. When calling a secondary list from a list line for which the HIDE fields are stored, the system fills the stored values back into the variables in the program. In the program code, insert the HIDE statement directly after the WRITE statement for the current line. Interactive lists provide the user with the so-called ‘INTERACTIVE REPORTING’ facility. For background processing the only possible method of picking the relevant data is through ‘NON INTERACTIVE REPORT’ . After starting a background job, there is no way of influencing the program. But whereas for dialog sessions there are no such restrictions. 33. How many lists can a program can produce? Each program can produce up to 21 lists: one basic list and 20 secondary lists. If the user creates a list on the next level (that is, SY-LSIND increases), the system stores the previous list and displays the new one. Only one list is active, and that is always the most recently created list. TRANSACTIONS 1. What is a transaction? - A transaction is dialog program that change data objects in a consistant way. 2. What are the requirements a dialog program must fulfill? A dialog program must fulfil the following requirements - a user friendly user interface. - Format and consistancey checks for the data entered by the user. - Easy correction of input errors. - Access to data by storing it in the data bases. 3.What are the basic components of dialog program? - Screens (Dynpros) - Each dialog in an SAP system is controlled by dynpros.A dynpros consists of a screen And its flow logic and controls exactly one dialog step. - ABAP/4 module Pool. Each dynpro refers to exactly one ABAP/4 dialog program .Such a dialog program is also called a module pool ,since it consists of interactive modules. 4.What is PBO and PAI events? PBO- Process Before Output-It determines the flow logic before displaying the screen. PAI-Process After Input-It determines the flowlogic after the display of the screen and after receiving inputs from the User. 5. What is dynpro?What are its components ? - A dynpro (Dynamic Program) consists of a screen and its flow logic and controls exactly one dialog steps. - The different components of the dynpro are : Flow Logic: calls of the ABAP/4 modules for a screen . Screen layout:Positions of the text ,fields,pushbuttons and so on for a screen Screen Attributes:Number of the screen,number of the subsequent screen,and others Fields attributes :Definition of the attributes of the individual fields on a screen. 6. What is a ABAP/4 module pool? -Each dynpro refers to exactly one ABAP/4 dialog program.Such a dialog program is also called a module pool ,since it consists on interactive modules. 7..Can we use WRITE statements in screen fields?if not how is data transferred from field data to screen fields? -We cannot write field data to the screen using the WRITE statement.The system instead transfers data by comparing screen fields names with ABAP/4 variable names.If both names are the same,it transfers screen fields values to ABAP/4 programs fields and Vice Versa.This happens immediately after displaying the screen. 8.Can we use flow logic control key words in ABAP/4 and vice-versa? - The flow control of a dynpro consists os a few statements that syntactically ressemble ABAP/4 statements .However ,We cannot use flow control keywords in ABAP/4 and vice-versa. 9.What is GUI status? How to create /Edit GUI status? -A GUI status is a subset of the interface elements used for a certain screen.The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction .The GUI status for a transaction may be composed of the following elements: -Title bar. -Mneu bar. -Application tool bar -Push buttons. To create and edit GUI status and GUI title,we use the Menu Painter. 10. How does the interection between the Dynpro and the ABAP/4 Modules takes place? -A transaction is a collection os screens and ABAP/4 routines ,controlled and executed by a Dialog processor.The Dilaog processor processes screen after the screen ,thereby triggering the appropriate ABAP/4 processing of each screen .For each screen,the system executes the flow logic that contains the corresponding ABAP/4 processing.The controls passes from screen flow logic to ABAP/4 code and back. 11. How does the Dialog handle user requests? - when an action is performed ,the system triggers the PROCESS AFTER INPUT event.The data passed includes field screen data data entered by the user and a function code. A functioncode is a technical name that has been allocated in a screen Painter or Menu Painter to a meny entry,a push button,the ENTER key or a function Key of a screen.An internal work field(ok-code)in the PAI module evaluates the function code,and the appropriate action is taken. 12. What is to be defined for a push button fields in the screen attributes? - A function code has to be defined in the screen attributes for the push buttons in a screen. 13. How are the function code handles in Flow Logic? - When the User selects a function in a transaction ,the system copies the function code into a specially designated work field called OK_CODE.This field is Global in ABAP/4 Module Pool.The OK_CODE can then be evaluated in the corresponding PAI module. The function code is always passed in Exactly the same way , regardless of Whether it comes from a screen’s pushbutton,a menu option ,function key or other GUI element. 14.What controls the screen flow? - The SET SCREEN and LEAVE SCREEN statements controls screen flow. 14. The Function code currently active is ascertained by what Variable? - The function code currently active in a Program can be ascertained from the SY-UCOMM Variable. 15. The function code currently active is ascertained by what variable ? - By SY-UCOMM Variable. 16. What are the “field” and “chain” Statements? - The FIELD and CHAIN flow logic statements let you Program Your own checks.FIELD and CHAIN tell the system Which fields you are checking and Whether the System should Perform Checks in the flow logic or call an ABAP/4 Module. 17. What is an “on input filed” statements? - ON INPUT The ABAP/4 module is called only if a field contains the Value other than the initial Value.This initial Value is determined by the filed’s Dta Type: blanks for character Fields ,Zeroes for numerics. If the user changes the Fields Value back t o its initial value,ON INPUT does not trigger a call. 18. What is an “on request Field” statement? - ON REQUEST The ABAP/4 Module is called only if the user has entered the value in the field value since the last screen display .The Value counts as changed Even if the User simply types in the value that was already there .In general ,the ON REQUEST condition is triggered through any Form of” MANUAL INPUT’. 19. What is an on”*-input filed” statement? ON *-INPUT - The ABAP/4 module is called if the user has entered the “*” in the first character of the field, and the field has the attribute *-entry in the screen Painter.You can use this option in Exceptionla cases where you want to check only fields with certain Kinds of Input. 20. What are conditional chain statement? ON CHAIN-INPUT similar to ON INPUT. The ABAP/4 module is called if any one of the fields in the chain contains a value other than its initial value(blank or nulls). ON CHAIN-REQUEST This condition functions just like ON REQUEST, but the ABAP/4 module is called if any one of the fields in the chain changes value. 21. What is “at exit-command:? The flowlogic Keyword at EXIT-COMMAND is a special addition to the MODULE statement in the Flow Logic .AT EXIT-COMMAND lets you call a module before the system executes the automatic fields checks. 22. Which Function type has to be used for using “at exit-command” ? - To Use AT EXIT – COMMAND ,We must assign a function Type “E” to the relevant function in the MENU Painter OR Screen Painter . 23. What are the different message types available in the ABAP/4 ? - There are 5 types of message types available. - E: ERROR - W-WARNING - I –INFORMATION - A-ABNORMAL TERMINATION. - S-SUCCESS 24. Of the two “ next screen “ attributes the attributes that has more priority is -------------------. Dynamic. 25. Navigation to a subsequent screen can be specified statically/dynamically .(TRUE/FALSE). TRUE. 26. Dynamic screen sequence for a screen can be set using ------------- and ----------------- commands Set Screen, Call screen. 27. The commands through Which an ABAP/4 Module can “branch to “ or “call” the next screen are 1.------------,2--------------,3---------------,4------------. - Set screen,Call screen ,Leave screen, Leave to screen . 28. What is difference between SET SCREEN and CALL SCREEN ? - With SET SCREEN the current screen simply specifies the next screen in the chain , control branches to this next screen as sonn as th e current screen has been processed .Return from next screen to current screen is not automatic .It does not interrupt processing of the current screen.If we want to branch to the next screen without finishing the current one ,use LEAVE SCREEN. - With CALL SCREEN , the current (calling) chain is suspended , and a next screen (screen chain) is called .The called can then return to the suspended chain with the statement LEAVE SCREEN TO SCREEN 0 .Sometime we might want to let an user call a pop up screen from the main application screen to let him enter secondary information.After they have completed their enteries, the users should be able to close the popup and return directly to the place where they left off in the main screen.Here comes CALL SCREEN into picture .This statement lets us insert such a sequence intp the current one. 29. Can we specify the next screen number with a variable (*Yes/No)? - Yes 30. The field SY-DYNR refers to-------------- Number of the current screen. 31. What is dialog Module? - A dialog Module is a callable sequence of screens that does not belong to a particular transaction.Dialog modules have their module pools , and can be called by any transaction. 32. The Syntex used to call a screen as dialog box (pop up)is--------- CALL SCREEN STARTING AT ENDING AT 33. What is “call mode”? - In the ABAP/4 WORLD each stackable sequence of screens is a “call mode”, This is IMP because of the way u return from the given sequence .To terminate a call mode and return to a suspended chain set the “next screen” to 0 and leave to it: LEAVE TO SCREEN 0 or (SET SCREEN 0 and LEAVE SCREEN) .When u return to the suspended chain execution resumes with the statement directly following the original CALL SCREEN statement.The original sequence of screens in a transaction (that is , without having stacked any additional call modes),you returned from the transaction altogether. 34. The max number of calling modes stacked at one time is? - NINE 35. What is LUW or Data base Transaction ? - A “LUW”(logical unit of work) is the span of time during which any database updates must be performed in an “all or nothing” manner .Either they are all performed (committed),or they are all thrown away (rolled back).In the ABAP/4 world , LUWs and - Transactions can have several meanings: LUW (or “database LUW” or “database transaction”) This is the set of updates terminated by a database commit. A LUW lasts ,at most , from one screen change to the next (because the SAP system triggers database commits automatically at every screen change). 36. What is SAP LUW or Update Transaction? Update transaction (or “SAP LUW”) This is a set of updates terminated by an ABAP/4 commit. A SAP LUW may last much longer than a database LUW, since most update processing extends over multiple transaction screens. The programmer terminates an update transaction by issuing a COMMIT WORK statement. 37. What happens if only one of the commands SET SCREEN and LEAVE SCREEN is used without using the other? If we use SET SCREEN without LEAVE SCREEN, the program finishes processing for the current screen before branching to . If we use LEAVE SCREEN without a SET SCREEN before it, the current screen process will be terminated and branch directly to the screen specified as the default next-screen in the screen attributes. 38. What is the significance of the screen number ‘0’? In “calling mode”, the special screen number 0 (LEAVE TO SCREEN 0) causes the system to jump back to the previous call level. That is, if you have called a screen sequence with CALL SCREEN leaving to screen 0 terminates the sequence and returns to the calling screen. If you have not called a screen sequence, LEAVE TO SCREEN 0 terminates the transaction. 39. What does the ‘SUPPRESS DIALOG’ do? Suppressing of entire screens is possible with this command. This command allows us to perform screen processing “in the background”. Suppresing screens is useful when we are branching to list-mode from a transaction dialog step. 40. What is the significance of the memory table ‘SCREEN’? At runtime, attributes for each screen field are stored in the memory table called ‘SCREEN’. We need not declare this table in our program. The system maintains the table for us internally and updates it with every screen change. 41. What are the fields in the memory table ‘SCREEN’? Name Length Description NAME 30 Name of the screen field GROUP1 3 Field belongs to field group 1 GROUP2 3 Field belongs to field group 2 GROUP3 3 Field belongs to field group 3 GROUP4 3 Field belongs to field group4 ACTIVE 1 Field is visible and ready for input. REQUIRED 1 Field input is mandatory. INPUT 1 Field is ready for input. OUTPUT 1 Field is display only. INTENSIFIED 1 Field is highlighted INVISIBLE 1 Field is suppressed. LENGTH 1 Field output length is reduced. DISPLAY_3D 1 Field is displayed with 3D frames. VALUE_HELP 1 Field is displayed with value help. 42. Why grouping of fields is required? What is the max no of modification groups for each field? If the same attribute need to be changed for several fields at the same time these fields can be grouped together. We can specify up to four modification groups for each field. 43. What are the attributes of a field that can be activated or deactivated during runtime? Input, Output, Mandatory, Active, Highlighted, Invisible. 44. What is a screen group? How it is useful? Screen group is a field in the Screen Attributes of a screen. Here we can define a string of up to four characters which is available at the screen runtime in the SY-DNGR field. Rather than maintaining field selection separately for each screen of a program, we can combine logically associated screens together in a screen group. 45. What is a Subscreen? How can we use a Subscreen? A subscreen is an independent screen that is displayed in a n area of another (“main”) screen. To use a subscreen we must call it in the flow logic (both PBO and PAI) of the main screen. The CALL SUBSCREEN stratement tells the system to execute the PBO and PAI events for the subscreen as part of the PBO or PAI events of the main screen. The flow logic of your main program should look as follows: PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT. CALL SUBSCREEN INCLUDING ‘’ ’’. PROCESS AFTER INPUT. CALL SUBSCREEN . Area is the name of the subscreen area you defined in your main screen. This name can have up to ten characters. Program is the name of the program to which the subscreen belongs and screen is the subscreen’s number. 46. What are the restrictions on Subscreens? Subscreens have several restrictions. They cannot: • Set their own GUI status • Have a named OK code • Call another screen • Contain an AT EXIT-COMMAND module • Support positioning of the cursor. 47. How can we use / display table in a screen? ABAP/4 offers two mechanisms for displaying and using table data in a screen. These mechanisms are TABLE CONTROLS and STEP LOOPS. 48. What are the differences between TABLE CONTROLS and STEP LOOPS? TABLE CONTROLS are simply enhanced STEP LOOPS that display with the look and feel of a table widget in a desktop application. But from a programming standpoint, TABLE CONTROLS and STEP LOOPS are almost exactly the same. One major difference between STEP LOOPS and TABLE CONTROLS is in STEP LOOPS their table rows can span more than one time on the screen. By contrast the rows in a TABLE CONTROLS are always single lines, but can be very long. (Table control rows are scrollable). The structure of table control is different from step loops. A step loop, as a screen object, is simply a series of field rows that appear as a repeating block. A table control, as a screen object consists of: I) table fields (displayed in the screen ) ii) a control structure that governs the table display and what the user can do with it. 49. What are the dynapro keywords? FIELD, MODULE, SELECT, VALUES and CHAIN are the dynapro keywords. 50. Why do we need to code a LOOP statement in both the PBO and PAI events for each table in the screen? We need to code a LOOP statement in both PBO and PAI events for each table in the screen. This is because the LOOP statement causes the screen fields to be copied back and forth between the ABAP/4 program and the screen field. For this reason, at least an empty LOOP….ENDLOOP must be there. 51. The field SY-STEPL refers to the index of the screen table row that is currently being processed. The system variable SY-stepl only has a meaning within the confines of LOOP….ENDLOOP processing. Outside the loop, it has no valid value. 52. How can we declare a table control in the ABAP/4 program? Using the syntax controls
type tableview using screen . 53. Differentiate between static and dynamic step loops. Step loops fall into two classes: Static and Dynamic. Static step loops have a fixed size that cannot be changed at runtime. Dynamic step loops are variable in size. If the user re-sizes the window the system automatically increases or decreases the number of step loop blocks displayed. In any given screen you can define any number of static step loops but only a single dynamic one. 54. What are the two ways of producing a list within a transaction? By submitting a separate report. By using leave to list-processing. 55. What is the use of the statement Leave to List-processing? Leave to List-processing statement is used to produce a list from a module pool. Leave to list processing statement allows to switch from dialog-mode to list-mode within a dialog program. 56. When will the current screen processing terminates? A current screen processing terminates when control reaches either a Leave-screen or the end of PAI. 57. How is the command Suppress-Dialog useful? Suppressing entire screens is possible using this command. This command allows us to perform screen processing “in the background”. The system carries out all PBO and PAI logic, but does not display the screen to the user. Suppressing screens is useful when we are branching to list-mode from a transaction dialog step. 58. What happens if we use Leave to list-processing without using Suppress-Dialog? If we don’t use Suppress-Dialog to next screen will be displayed but as empty, when the user presses ENTER, the standard list output is displayed. 59. How the transaction that are programmed by the user can be protected? By implementing an authority check. 60. What are the modes in which any update tasks work? Synchronous and Asynchronous. 61. What is the difference between Synchronous and Asynchronous updates? A program asks the system to perform a certain task, and then either waits or doesn’t wait for the task to finish. In synchronous processing, the program waits: control returns to the program only when the task has been completed. In asynchronous processing, the program does not wait: the system returns control after merely logging the request for execution. 62. SAP system configuration incluedes Dialog tasks and Update tasks. 63. Dialog-task updates are Synchronous updates. 64. Update –task updates are Asynchronous updates. 65. What is the difference between Commit-work and Rollback-Work tasks? Commit-Work statement “performs” many functions relevant to synchronized execution of tasks. Rollback-work statement “cancels: all reuests relevant to synchronized execution of tasks. 66. What are the different database integrities? • Semantic Integrity. • Relational Integrity. • Primary Key Integrity. • Value Set Integrity. • Foreign Key integrity and • Operational integrity. 67. All SAP Databases are Relational Databases. 68. What is SAP locking? It is a mechanism for defining and applying logical locks to database objects. 69. What does a lock object involve? The tables. The lock argument. 70. What are the different kinds of lock modes? Shared lock Exclusive lock. Extended exclusive list. 71. How can a lock object be called in the transaction? By calling Enqueue and Dequeue in the transaction. 72. What are the events by which we can program “help texts” and display “possible value lists”? -PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST (POH). -PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST (POV). 73. What is a matchcode? A matchcode is an aid to finding records stored in the system whenever an object key is required in an input field but the user only knows other (non-key) information about the object. 74. In what ways we can get the context sensitive F1 help on a field? - Data element documentation. - Data element additional text in screen painter. - Using the process on help request event. 75. What is roll area? A roll area contains the program’s runtime context. In addition to the runtime stack and other structures, all local variables and any data known to the program are stored here. 76. How does the system handle roll areas for external program components? - Transactions run in their own roll areas. - Reports run in their own roll areas. - Dialog modules run in their own roll areas - Function modules run in the roll area of their callers. 77. Does the external program run in the same SAP LUW as the caller, or in a separate one? - Transactions run with a separate SAP LUW - Reports run with a separate SAP LUW. - Dialog modules run in the same SAP LUW as the caller - Function modules run in the same SAP LUW as the caller. The only exceptions to the above rules are function modules called with IN UPDATE TASK (V2 function only) or IN BACKGROUND TASK (ALE applications). These always run in their own (separate) update transactions. 78. What are function modules? Function modules are general-purpose library routines that are available system-wide. 79. What are the types of parameters in the function modules? In general, function module can have four types of parameters: - EXPORTING: for passing data to the called function. - IMPORTING: for receiving data returned from the function module. - TABLES: for passing internal tables only, by reference (that is, by address). - CHANGING: for passing parameters to and from the function. 80. What is the difference between Leave Transaction and Call Transaction? In contrast to LEAVE TO TRANSACTION, the CALL TRANSACTION statement causes the system to start a new SAP LUW. This second SAP LUW runs parallel to the SAP LUW for the calling transaction. 81. How can we pass selection and parameter data to a report? There are three options for passing selection and parameter data to the report. - Using SUBMIT…WITH - Using a report variant. - Using a range table. 82. How to send a report to the printer instead of displaying it on the screen? We can send a report to the printer instead of diplaying it on the screen. To do this, use the keywords TO SAP-SPOOL: SUBMIT RSFLFIND…TO SAP-SPOOL DESTINATION ‘LT50’. 83. How can we send data to external programs? Using SPA/GPA parameters(SAP memory). Using EXPORT/IMPORT data (ABAP/4 memory) 84. What are SPA/GPA parameters (SAP memory) SPA/GPA parameters are field values saved globally in memory. There are two ways to use SPA/GPA parmeters: By setting field attributes in the Screen Painter. By using the SET PARAMETER or GET PARAMETER statements. BDC 1. What is full form of BDC Session? Batch Data Communication Session. 2. What are the steps in a BDC session? The first step in a BDC session is to identify the screens of the transaction that the program will process. Next step is to write a program to build the BDC table that will be used to submit the data to SAP. The final step is to submit the BDC table to the system in the batch mode or as a single transaction by the CALL TRANSACTION command. 3. How do you find the information on the current screen? The information on the current screen can be found by SYSTEM �� STATUS command from any menu. 4. How do you save data in BDC tables? The data in BDC tables is saved by using the field name ‘BDC_OKCODE’ and field value of ‘/11’. 5. What is the last entry in all BDC tables? In all BDC tables the last entry is to save the data by using the field name BDC_OKCODE and a field value of ‘/11’. 6. What is a multiple line field? A multiple line field is a special kind of field which allows the user to enter multiple lines of data into it. 7. How do you populate data into a multiple line field? To populate data into a multiple line field, an index is added to the field name to indicate which line is to be populated by the BDC session (Line index). 8. Write the BDC table structure. BDC table structure FIELD TYPE DESCRIPTION Program CHAR (8) Program name of transaction. DynPro CHAR (4) Screen number of transaction. DynBegin CHAR (1) Indicator for new screen. Fnam CHAR (35) Name of database field from screen. Fval CHAR (80) Value to submit to field. 9. Does the CALL TRANSACTION method allow multiple transactions to be processed by SAP? No. The CALL TRANSACTION method allows only a single transaction to be processed by SAP. 10. Does the BDC-INSERT function allow multiple transactions to be processed by SAP? Yes. 11. What is the syntax for ‘CALL TRANSACTION’? CALL TRANSACTION trans [ using bdctab MODE mode ]. Three possible entries are there for MODE. A - Show all screens. E - Show only screens with errors. N - Show no screens.

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